Evaluation of several ionic liquids for in situ hydrolysis of empty fruit bunches by locally-produced cellulase
Lignocellulosic biomasses, exhibit resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis due to the presence of lignin and hemicellulose. Ionic liquids proved their applicability in lignin degradation, however, ionic liquid removal has to be performed to proceed to hydrolysis. Therefore, this study reports an in situ...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English English English |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg
2016
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| Online Access: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/51015/1/51015_-_Evaluation_of_several_ionic_liquids_for_in_situ_hydrolysis_of_empty_fruit_bunches_by_locally-produced_cellulase.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/51015/4/51015_Evaluation%20of%20several%20ionic_wos.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/51015/9/51015_Evaluation%20of%20several%20ionic%20liquids_Scopus.pdf |
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| author | Kabbashi, Nassereldeen Ahmed Alam, Md Zahangir Elgharbawy, Amal A.M. Moniruzzaman, Muhammad Jamal, Parveen |
| author_facet | Kabbashi, Nassereldeen Ahmed Alam, Md Zahangir Elgharbawy, Amal A.M. Moniruzzaman, Muhammad Jamal, Parveen |
| author_sort | Kabbashi, Nassereldeen Ahmed |
| collection | IIUM |
| description | Lignocellulosic biomasses, exhibit resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis due to the presence of lignin and hemicellulose. Ionic liquids proved their applicability in lignin degradation, however, ionic liquid removal has to be performed to proceed to hydrolysis. Therefore, this study reports an in situ hydrolysis of empty fruit bunches (EFB) that combined an ionic liquid (IL) pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. For enzyme production, palm kernel cake (PKC) was used as the primary media for microbial cellulase (PKC-Cel) from Trichoderma reesei (RUTC30). The obtained enzyme exhibited a promising stability in several ionic liquids. Among few, in choline acetate [Cho]OAc, PKC-Cel retained 63.16 % of the initial activity after 6 h and lost only 10 % of its activity in 10 % IL/buffer mixture. Upon the confirmation of the PKC-Cel stability, EFB was subjected to IL-pretreatment followed by hydrolysis in a single step without further removal of the IL. The findings revealed that choline acetate [Cho]OAc and choline butyrate [Cho]Bu were among the best ILs used in the study since 0.332 +/- 0.05 g glucose/g and 0.565 +/- 0.08 g total reducing sugar/g EFB were obtained after 24 h of enzymatic hydrolysis. Compared to the untreated EFB, the amount of reducing sugar obtained after enzymatic hydrolysis increased by three-fold in the case of [Cho]OAc and [Cho]Bu, two-fold with [EMIM]OAc and phosphate-based ILs whereas the lowest concentration was obtained in [TBPH]OAc. Pretreatment of EFB with [Cho] OAc and [Cho] Bu showed significant differences in the morphology of EFB samples when observed with SEM. Analysis of the lignin, hemicellulose and hemicellulose showed that the total lignin content from the raw EFB was reduced from 37.8 +/- 0.6 to 25.81 +/- 0.35 % (w/w) upon employment of [Cho] OAc in the compatible system. The PKC-Cel from T. reesei (RUTC30) exhibited promising characteristics that need to be investigated further towards a single-step process for bioethanol production. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-05T23:51:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | oai:generic.eprints.org:51015 |
| institution | International Islamic University Malaysia |
| language | English English English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-05T23:51:53Z |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oai:generic.eprints.org:510152019-04-01T03:25:46Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/51015/ Evaluation of several ionic liquids for in situ hydrolysis of empty fruit bunches by locally-produced cellulase Kabbashi, Nassereldeen Ahmed Alam, Md Zahangir Elgharbawy, Amal A.M. Moniruzzaman, Muhammad Jamal, Parveen TP155 Chemical engineering Lignocellulosic biomasses, exhibit resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis due to the presence of lignin and hemicellulose. Ionic liquids proved their applicability in lignin degradation, however, ionic liquid removal has to be performed to proceed to hydrolysis. Therefore, this study reports an in situ hydrolysis of empty fruit bunches (EFB) that combined an ionic liquid (IL) pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. For enzyme production, palm kernel cake (PKC) was used as the primary media for microbial cellulase (PKC-Cel) from Trichoderma reesei (RUTC30). The obtained enzyme exhibited a promising stability in several ionic liquids. Among few, in choline acetate [Cho]OAc, PKC-Cel retained 63.16 % of the initial activity after 6 h and lost only 10 % of its activity in 10 % IL/buffer mixture. Upon the confirmation of the PKC-Cel stability, EFB was subjected to IL-pretreatment followed by hydrolysis in a single step without further removal of the IL. The findings revealed that choline acetate [Cho]OAc and choline butyrate [Cho]Bu were among the best ILs used in the study since 0.332 +/- 0.05 g glucose/g and 0.565 +/- 0.08 g total reducing sugar/g EFB were obtained after 24 h of enzymatic hydrolysis. Compared to the untreated EFB, the amount of reducing sugar obtained after enzymatic hydrolysis increased by three-fold in the case of [Cho]OAc and [Cho]Bu, two-fold with [EMIM]OAc and phosphate-based ILs whereas the lowest concentration was obtained in [TBPH]OAc. Pretreatment of EFB with [Cho] OAc and [Cho] Bu showed significant differences in the morphology of EFB samples when observed with SEM. Analysis of the lignin, hemicellulose and hemicellulose showed that the total lignin content from the raw EFB was reduced from 37.8 +/- 0.6 to 25.81 +/- 0.35 % (w/w) upon employment of [Cho] OAc in the compatible system. The PKC-Cel from T. reesei (RUTC30) exhibited promising characteristics that need to be investigated further towards a single-step process for bioethanol production. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2016-06-08 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/51015/1/51015_-_Evaluation_of_several_ionic_liquids_for_in_situ_hydrolysis_of_empty_fruit_bunches_by_locally-produced_cellulase.pdf application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/51015/4/51015_Evaluation%20of%20several%20ionic_wos.pdf application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/51015/9/51015_Evaluation%20of%20several%20ionic%20liquids_Scopus.pdf Kabbashi, Nassereldeen Ahmed and Alam, Md Zahangir and Elgharbawy, Amal A.M. and Moniruzzaman, Muhammad and Jamal, Parveen (2016) Evaluation of several ionic liquids for in situ hydrolysis of empty fruit bunches by locally-produced cellulase. 3 Biotech, 6 (2). pp. 1-15. ISSN 2190-572X E-ISSN 2190-5738 http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13205-016-0440-8 10.1007/s13205-016-0440-8 |
| spellingShingle | TP155 Chemical engineering Kabbashi, Nassereldeen Ahmed Alam, Md Zahangir Elgharbawy, Amal A.M. Moniruzzaman, Muhammad Jamal, Parveen Evaluation of several ionic liquids for in situ hydrolysis of empty fruit bunches by locally-produced cellulase |
| title | Evaluation of several ionic liquids for in situ hydrolysis of empty fruit bunches by locally-produced cellulase |
| title_full | Evaluation of several ionic liquids for in situ hydrolysis of empty fruit bunches by locally-produced cellulase |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of several ionic liquids for in situ hydrolysis of empty fruit bunches by locally-produced cellulase |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of several ionic liquids for in situ hydrolysis of empty fruit bunches by locally-produced cellulase |
| title_short | Evaluation of several ionic liquids for in situ hydrolysis of empty fruit bunches by locally-produced cellulase |
| title_sort | evaluation of several ionic liquids for in situ hydrolysis of empty fruit bunches by locally produced cellulase |
| topic | TP155 Chemical engineering |
| url | http://irep.iium.edu.my/51015/1/51015_-_Evaluation_of_several_ionic_liquids_for_in_situ_hydrolysis_of_empty_fruit_bunches_by_locally-produced_cellulase.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/51015/4/51015_Evaluation%20of%20several%20ionic_wos.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/51015/9/51015_Evaluation%20of%20several%20ionic%20liquids_Scopus.pdf |
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