Utilization of waste cockle shell (Anadara Granosa) in biodiesel production from palm olein: Optimization using response surface methodology
The cockle shell, which is available in abundance, has no any eminent use and is commonly regarded as a waste, was utilized as a source of calcium oxide in catalyzing a transesterification reaction to produce biodiesel (methyl esters). A central composite design (CCD) was used to optimize the two ma...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier Ltd.
2011
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/5343/1/FUEL_complete_version.pdf |
| _version_ | 1796875244164612096 |
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| author | Boey, Peng-Lim Maniam, Gaanty Pragas Abd Hamid, Shafida Ali, Dafaalla Mohamed Hag |
| author_facet | Boey, Peng-Lim Maniam, Gaanty Pragas Abd Hamid, Shafida Ali, Dafaalla Mohamed Hag |
| author_sort | Boey, Peng-Lim |
| collection | IIUM |
| description | The cockle shell, which is available in abundance, has no any eminent use and is commonly regarded as a waste, was utilized as a source of calcium oxide in catalyzing a transesterification reaction to produce biodiesel (methyl esters). A central composite design (CCD) was used to optimize the two major influential reaction variables: catalyst and methanol amount towards purity and yield of methyl esters. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that the catalyst has a positive influence on purity but negative on the yield. Meanwhile, the methanol/oil mass ratio showed a positive effect on both purity and yield.
Using CCD, the optimum reaction conditions were found to be 4.9 wt.% of catalyst and 0.54:1 methanol/oil mass ratio. The prepared catalyst was capable of being reused under the suggested optimal conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-05T22:35:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | oai:generic.eprints.org:5343 |
| institution | International Islamic University Malaysia |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-05T22:35:58Z |
| publishDate | 2011 |
| publisher | Elsevier Ltd. |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oai:generic.eprints.org:53432013-06-27T08:46:54Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/5343/ Utilization of waste cockle shell (Anadara Granosa) in biodiesel production from palm olein: Optimization using response surface methodology Boey, Peng-Lim Maniam, Gaanty Pragas Abd Hamid, Shafida Ali, Dafaalla Mohamed Hag QD Chemistry The cockle shell, which is available in abundance, has no any eminent use and is commonly regarded as a waste, was utilized as a source of calcium oxide in catalyzing a transesterification reaction to produce biodiesel (methyl esters). A central composite design (CCD) was used to optimize the two major influential reaction variables: catalyst and methanol amount towards purity and yield of methyl esters. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that the catalyst has a positive influence on purity but negative on the yield. Meanwhile, the methanol/oil mass ratio showed a positive effect on both purity and yield. Using CCD, the optimum reaction conditions were found to be 4.9 wt.% of catalyst and 0.54:1 methanol/oil mass ratio. The prepared catalyst was capable of being reused under the suggested optimal conditions. Elsevier Ltd. 2011-07 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/5343/1/FUEL_complete_version.pdf Boey, Peng-Lim and Maniam, Gaanty Pragas and Abd Hamid, Shafida and Ali, Dafaalla Mohamed Hag (2011) Utilization of waste cockle shell (Anadara Granosa) in biodiesel production from palm olein: Optimization using response surface methodology. Fuel, 90 (7). pp. 2353-2358. ISSN 0016-2361 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2011.03.002 doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2011.03.002 |
| spellingShingle | QD Chemistry Boey, Peng-Lim Maniam, Gaanty Pragas Abd Hamid, Shafida Ali, Dafaalla Mohamed Hag Utilization of waste cockle shell (Anadara Granosa) in biodiesel production from palm olein: Optimization using response surface methodology |
| title | Utilization of waste cockle shell (Anadara Granosa) in biodiesel production from palm olein: Optimization using response surface methodology |
| title_full | Utilization of waste cockle shell (Anadara Granosa) in biodiesel production from palm olein: Optimization using response surface methodology |
| title_fullStr | Utilization of waste cockle shell (Anadara Granosa) in biodiesel production from palm olein: Optimization using response surface methodology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Utilization of waste cockle shell (Anadara Granosa) in biodiesel production from palm olein: Optimization using response surface methodology |
| title_short | Utilization of waste cockle shell (Anadara Granosa) in biodiesel production from palm olein: Optimization using response surface methodology |
| title_sort | utilization of waste cockle shell anadara granosa in biodiesel production from palm olein optimization using response surface methodology |
| topic | QD Chemistry |
| url | http://irep.iium.edu.my/5343/1/FUEL_complete_version.pdf |
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