| Summary: | This research studied the settlement environmental component distruction
,which is contains of the abiotic, biotic, and cultural component, caused by flood in
downstream area of Sangatta River Basin. This research�s goals are to study the flood
vulnerability level, to identify the settlements vulnerable to flood, to study the
settlement environmental component distruction due to flood and to find the
environmental management strategies to overcome the flood in downstream of
Sangatta River Basin.
The methods of collecting data were literatural study, site documentation, and
interviewing the resource person. The analysis methods used quantitative analysis in
accordance to flood parameter overlay analysis approximation method in terms of
landform, surface drainage, slope elevation, infiltration, and rainfall, overlay analysis
between floods hazardous mapping and land use mapping to determine flood risk
zones, and descriptive-evaluative analysis to identify the settlement environmental
component distruction due to flood.
The analysis result shows that downstream area of Sangatta River Basin
devided into five flood vulnerability levels which are highly vulnerable level as
much as 3862.62 ha (56.66%), vulnerable level 1207.09 ha (17.71%), quite
vulnerable level 1134.38 ha (16.64%), invulnerable level 261.18 ha (3.83%), and
very invulnerable level 351.24 ha (5.15%). Settlement area devided into three flood
vulnerability levels which are highly vulnerable level as much as 153.94 ha
(28.84%), vulnerable level 354.47 ha (66.41%), and quite vulnerable level 25.36 ha
(4.75%). Zoning of flood risk area consists of zone I as much as 508.41 ha (7.46%),
zone II 915.93 ha (13.44%), zone III 198.32 ha (2.91%), zone IV 260.93 ha
(3.83%), and zone V 4932.93 ha (72.37%). The environmental destruction take
forms in inhabitant/civilian economical social activity disturbance, housing and
property damage, environment and health quality degradation, farmland and
embankment damage leads to crop failure, and road infrastructure damage. The
environmental management strategy to overcome flood problems in downstream of
Sangatta River Basin by optimizing the function of swamps as water park area,
expanding production of woods such as Ramin, Meranti, Bengkirai, and other types
as an alternative building material besides Ironwood to support fulfillment needs of
stilt houses, and developing the concept of stilt houses as an alternative residence.
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