| Summary: | Background. Prevalence of hypertension in DM was found twice higher than in non-
DM patient. Hypertension in DM increases the risk of coronary heart disease,
peripheral arterial disease, cerebrovascular accident and renal failure. Several studies
on DM with hypertension indicate that endothelial dysfunction is closely associated
with increased endothelin-1. A variety of metabolic pathways can lead to activation
of endothelin in diabetes include activation of protein kinase C (PKC), activation of
polyol pathway, non-enzymatic glycation, changes in expression of growth factors
and oxidative stress resulting in decreased nitric oxide (NO) which then led to
increasing expression of endothelin-1. NO is a vasoactive enzyme produced by
endothelial cells which have effects vasodilatation and antiproliferation on vascular
smooth muscle cells. Several previous studies showed that elevated blood glucose
levels can lead to decreased levels of NO plasma, leading to increased levels of
endothelin-1, which in turn lead to endothelial dysfunction and hypertension.
Aim. To analyze the relationship between nitric oxide and endothelin-1 levels in
women with type 2 diabetes and hypertension.
Methods. This study used cross sectional design. The subjects were type 2 diabetes
with hypertension patients in Endocrine and Metabolic clinic Dr. Sardjito hospital,
Yogyakarta, age between 40 to 60 years and visit between Juli 2010 until Desember
2010 that met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Blood samples were taken for NO and
endothelin-1 levels examination with ELISA. The correlation between these two
variables was analyzed with Spearman correlation test.
Results. There are 40 subjects type 2 diabetes with hypertension. Plasma level of NO
was 0.6107 ± 0.268184 µM and plasma level of endothelin-1 was 17.8614010
9.78231877 ± pg/ml. Spearman correlation analysis of the results obtained a negative
correlation between plasma NO concentration and plasma endothelin-1 concentration,
with (r)= -0.070, and not statistically significant with P value = 0669.
Conclusion. There is no correlation between plasma levels of nitric oxide and
endothelin-1 in women with type 2 diabetes and hypertension.
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