| Summary: | Screw turbine is a tool used to change from mechanic energy into electric
energy. The energy transformation from the screw turbine into the electric energy
occurred in the following process: energy from the mechanic energy in water and
change in pressure in blades make the blades rotating, and then it rotates shaft.
Furthermore, the power of shaft is transmitted into generator, being then changed
into electric energy. The operation of screw turbine requires low head, i.e. less
than 10 meter. It is appropriate with the potentials of energy in water available in
rural areas where many irrigated channels are found with head less than 10 meter.
The objective of this research is to find out the effect of screw turbine slope and
optimum discharge on screw turbine.
A model used in the research was screw turbine with two blades, distance
from the top of screw to the next screw (pitch) was 1.6 Ro, external radius (Ro)
was 0.1419 m, and internal radius (Ri) was 0.0762 m. The testing of tool was done
in the Laboratory of D3 in Civil Engineering, with various average discharges of
water was 0.00364 m3/second � 0.00684 m3/s and the angle of turbine shaft slope
was 25°-50°. The data used in the testing were load addition, turbine rotation
speed, discharge, water flow at horizontal flume, the height of water at horizontal
and slope flumes, and the angle of turbine shaft slope. The results analyzed were
the power and efficiency of turbine.
Result of the testing shows that the power and efficiency of screw turbine
was affected by the angle of screw turbine slope. The screw turbine produced the
power and efficiency well at the angle of turbine shaft from 35o � 45o. It is showed
by the average discharge of 0.00684 m3/s, where for the angle of 35o the power of
screw turbine was 16.231 with the efficiency of 61.61%, for the angle of 40o the
power was 16.252 watt with the efficiency of 56.04%, and for the angle of 45o the
power was 16.030 watt with the efficiency of 47.59%. The mostly optimum angle
of turbine slope was 35o with the power of screw turbine of 16.231 watt and the
efficiency of 61.61%.
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