| Summary: | Diabetes Mellitus (DM) type 2 is a disorder that has characteristic
hyperglycemic conditions, impaired metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and
proteins are characterized by insulin resistance and or insulin deficiency. Insulin
resistance is characterized by an increase in lipolysis and hepatic glucose
production and reduction of intake of glucose into muscle or adipose cells.
Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Ness.) is a plant that can be used
to overcome the disease diabetes. In DM therapy there is a possibility of the use of
therapy with oral hypoglycemic agents, such as metformin. This study aims to
determine the potential of the combination of purified extract of sambiloto herbs
and enhancement effects of metformin on blood glucose levels decrease,
antihiperlipidemia, and antiaterosklerosis in insulin resistant rats.
The research was conducted using a complete random method indirectional
pattern. Test animals used were divided 4 groups, group 1: metformin 45 mg / kg
(positive control), group 2: purified extract of sambiloto herbs 434.6 mg/ kg,
group 3: a combination of metformin 45 mg / kg BW with the extract of 434.6
mg/ kg (combination 1), and group 4: metformin 22.5 mg/ kg body weight with
extract 434.6 mg/ kg (combination 2). Test animals are insulin resistant type 2
DM was made by administering 1.8 g fructose / kg body weight and fat diet for 50
days. Assay of glucose, triglycerides, LDL and cholesterol using a reagent kit.
Observation of GLUT-4 expression in muscle cells by using
immunohistochemical techniques. Observation of atherosclerosis in the aorta
preparations rats using histopathologic techniques with haematoxylin-eosin
staining. Insulin resistance rats was tested by using three parameters: (1) testing of
blood glucose levels preprandial and postprandial (2) the hypoglycaemic activity
of glibenclamide, and (3) observations of GLUT-4 protein expression in muscle
tissue. Test results show that the test animals had insulin resistant.
Results, in this research antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activity assay
indicate that the hypoglycaemic, the reduction LDL and triglycerides in blood for
combination 1 and combination 2 lower compared to a single administration of
metformin (p<0,05). Test results showed that treatment of metformin, purified
extract or a combination of both can not lower blood cholesterol levels
significantly. Observations atherosclerosis indicates that treatment of metformin,
purified extract or a combination of both did not have the power antiaterocklerosis
after being administered for 5 days.
From the above results concluded that the combination of sambiloto extract
purified with metformin does not increase the potency of antidiabetic and
antihyperlipidemic in single use.
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