Risk of new-onset long COVID following reinfection with SARS-CoV-2: community-based cohort study
<p><strong>Background</strong></p> Little is known about the risk of long COVID following reinfection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We estimated the likelihood of new-onset, self-reported long COVID after a second SARS-CoV-2 infection, com...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Oxford University Press
2023
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| _version_ | 1797111766607462400 |
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| author | Bosworth, ML Shenhuy, B Walker, AS Nafilyan, V Alwan, NA O'Hara, ME Ayoubkhani, D |
| author_facet | Bosworth, ML Shenhuy, B Walker, AS Nafilyan, V Alwan, NA O'Hara, ME Ayoubkhani, D |
| author_sort | Bosworth, ML |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | <p><strong>Background</strong></p>
Little is known about the risk of long COVID following reinfection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We estimated the likelihood of new-onset, self-reported long COVID after a second SARS-CoV-2 infection, compared to a first infection.
<p><strong>Methods</strong></p>
We included UK COVID-19 Infection Survey participants who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 between 1 November 2021 and 8 October 2022. The primary outcome was self-reported long COVID 12–20 weeks after each infection. Separate analyses were performed for those <16 years and ≥16 years. We estimated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for new-onset long COVID using logistic regression, comparing second to first infections, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and calendar date of infection, plus vaccination status in participants ≥16 years of age.
<p><strong>Results</strong></p>
Overall, long COVID was reported by those ≥16 years after 4.0% and 2.4% of first and second infections, respectively; the corresponding estimates among those aged <16 years were 1.0% and 0.6%. The aOR for long COVID after second compared to first infections was 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI], .63–.81) for those ≥16 years and 0.93 (95% CI, .57–1.53) for those <16 years.
<p><strong>Conclusions</strong></p>
The risk of new-onset long COVID after a second SARS-CoV-2 infection is lower than that after a first infection for persons aged ≥16 years, though there is no evidence of a difference in risk for those <16 years. However, there remains some risk of new-onset long COVID after a second infection, with around 1 in 40 of those aged ≥16 years and 1 in 165 of those <16 years reporting long COVID after a second infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T08:15:00Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:0052bf1f-4aff-47e4-858c-cc9ea0501881 |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T08:15:00Z |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publisher | Oxford University Press |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:0052bf1f-4aff-47e4-858c-cc9ea05018812024-01-04T09:52:39ZRisk of new-onset long COVID following reinfection with SARS-CoV-2: community-based cohort studyJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:0052bf1f-4aff-47e4-858c-cc9ea0501881EnglishSymplectic ElementsOxford University Press2023Bosworth, MLShenhuy, BWalker, ASNafilyan, VAlwan, NAO'Hara, MEAyoubkhani, D<p><strong>Background</strong></p> Little is known about the risk of long COVID following reinfection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We estimated the likelihood of new-onset, self-reported long COVID after a second SARS-CoV-2 infection, compared to a first infection. <p><strong>Methods</strong></p> We included UK COVID-19 Infection Survey participants who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 between 1 November 2021 and 8 October 2022. The primary outcome was self-reported long COVID 12–20 weeks after each infection. Separate analyses were performed for those <16 years and ≥16 years. We estimated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for new-onset long COVID using logistic regression, comparing second to first infections, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and calendar date of infection, plus vaccination status in participants ≥16 years of age. <p><strong>Results</strong></p> Overall, long COVID was reported by those ≥16 years after 4.0% and 2.4% of first and second infections, respectively; the corresponding estimates among those aged <16 years were 1.0% and 0.6%. The aOR for long COVID after second compared to first infections was 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI], .63–.81) for those ≥16 years and 0.93 (95% CI, .57–1.53) for those <16 years. <p><strong>Conclusions</strong></p> The risk of new-onset long COVID after a second SARS-CoV-2 infection is lower than that after a first infection for persons aged ≥16 years, though there is no evidence of a difference in risk for those <16 years. However, there remains some risk of new-onset long COVID after a second infection, with around 1 in 40 of those aged ≥16 years and 1 in 165 of those <16 years reporting long COVID after a second infection. |
| spellingShingle | Bosworth, ML Shenhuy, B Walker, AS Nafilyan, V Alwan, NA O'Hara, ME Ayoubkhani, D Risk of new-onset long COVID following reinfection with SARS-CoV-2: community-based cohort study |
| title | Risk of new-onset long COVID following reinfection with SARS-CoV-2: community-based cohort study |
| title_full | Risk of new-onset long COVID following reinfection with SARS-CoV-2: community-based cohort study |
| title_fullStr | Risk of new-onset long COVID following reinfection with SARS-CoV-2: community-based cohort study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk of new-onset long COVID following reinfection with SARS-CoV-2: community-based cohort study |
| title_short | Risk of new-onset long COVID following reinfection with SARS-CoV-2: community-based cohort study |
| title_sort | risk of new onset long covid following reinfection with sars cov 2 community based cohort study |
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