Molecular surveillance identifies multiple transmissions of typhoid in West Africa
The burden of typhoid in sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries has been difficult to estimate, in part, due to suboptimal laboratory diagnostics. However, surveillance blood cultures at two sites in Nigeria have identified typhoid associated with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) as an impo...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science
2016
|
| _version_ | 1826258896434495488 |
|---|---|
| author | Wong, V Holt, K Okoro, C Baker, S Pickard, D Marks, F Page, A Olanipekun, G Munir, H Alter, R Fey, P Feasey, N Weill, F Le Hello, S Hart, P Kariuki, S Breiman, R Gordon, M Heyderman, R Jacobs, J Lunguya, O Msefula, C MacLennan, C Keddy, K Smith, A Onsare, R De Pinna, E Nair, S Amos, B Dougan, G Obaro, S |
| author2 | Ryan, E |
| author_facet | Ryan, E Wong, V Holt, K Okoro, C Baker, S Pickard, D Marks, F Page, A Olanipekun, G Munir, H Alter, R Fey, P Feasey, N Weill, F Le Hello, S Hart, P Kariuki, S Breiman, R Gordon, M Heyderman, R Jacobs, J Lunguya, O Msefula, C MacLennan, C Keddy, K Smith, A Onsare, R De Pinna, E Nair, S Amos, B Dougan, G Obaro, S |
| author_sort | Wong, V |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | The burden of typhoid in sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries has been difficult to estimate, in part, due to suboptimal laboratory diagnostics. However, surveillance blood cultures at two sites in Nigeria have identified typhoid associated with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) as an important cause of bacteremia in children.A total of 128 S. Typhi isolates from these studies in Nigeria were whole-genome sequenced, and the resulting data was used to place these Nigerian isolates into a worldwide context based on their phylogeny and carriage of molecular determinants of antibiotic resistance.Several distinct S. Typhi genotypes were identified in Nigeria that were related to other clusters of S. Typhi isolates from north, west and central regions of Africa. The rapidly expanding S. Typhi clade 4.3.1 (H58) previously associated with multiple antimicrobial resistances in Asia and in east, central and southern Africa, was not detected in this study. However, antimicrobial resistance was common amongst the Nigerian isolates and was associated with several plasmids, including the IncHI1 plasmid commonly associated with S. Typhi.These data indicate that typhoid in Nigeria was established through multiple independent introductions into the country, with evidence of regional spread. MDR typhoid appears to be evolving independently of the haplotype H58 found in other typhoid endemic countries. This study highlights an urgent need for routine surveillance to monitor the epidemiology of typhoid and evolution of antimicrobial resistance within the bacterial population as a means to facilitate public health interventions to reduce the substantial morbidity and mortality of typhoid. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T18:41:16Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:0cf0f515-6c49-47b9-9b86-c346729f913f |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T18:41:16Z |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:0cf0f515-6c49-47b9-9b86-c346729f913f2022-03-26T09:37:56ZMolecular surveillance identifies multiple transmissions of typhoid in West AfricaJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:0cf0f515-6c49-47b9-9b86-c346729f913fEnglishSymplectic Elements at OxfordPublic Library of Science2016Wong, VHolt, KOkoro, CBaker, SPickard, DMarks, FPage, AOlanipekun, GMunir, HAlter, RFey, PFeasey, NWeill, FLe Hello, SHart, PKariuki, SBreiman, RGordon, MHeyderman, RJacobs, JLunguya, OMsefula, CMacLennan, CKeddy, KSmith, AOnsare, RDe Pinna, ENair, SAmos, BDougan, GObaro, SRyan, EThe burden of typhoid in sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries has been difficult to estimate, in part, due to suboptimal laboratory diagnostics. However, surveillance blood cultures at two sites in Nigeria have identified typhoid associated with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) as an important cause of bacteremia in children.A total of 128 S. Typhi isolates from these studies in Nigeria were whole-genome sequenced, and the resulting data was used to place these Nigerian isolates into a worldwide context based on their phylogeny and carriage of molecular determinants of antibiotic resistance.Several distinct S. Typhi genotypes were identified in Nigeria that were related to other clusters of S. Typhi isolates from north, west and central regions of Africa. The rapidly expanding S. Typhi clade 4.3.1 (H58) previously associated with multiple antimicrobial resistances in Asia and in east, central and southern Africa, was not detected in this study. However, antimicrobial resistance was common amongst the Nigerian isolates and was associated with several plasmids, including the IncHI1 plasmid commonly associated with S. Typhi.These data indicate that typhoid in Nigeria was established through multiple independent introductions into the country, with evidence of regional spread. MDR typhoid appears to be evolving independently of the haplotype H58 found in other typhoid endemic countries. This study highlights an urgent need for routine surveillance to monitor the epidemiology of typhoid and evolution of antimicrobial resistance within the bacterial population as a means to facilitate public health interventions to reduce the substantial morbidity and mortality of typhoid. |
| spellingShingle | Wong, V Holt, K Okoro, C Baker, S Pickard, D Marks, F Page, A Olanipekun, G Munir, H Alter, R Fey, P Feasey, N Weill, F Le Hello, S Hart, P Kariuki, S Breiman, R Gordon, M Heyderman, R Jacobs, J Lunguya, O Msefula, C MacLennan, C Keddy, K Smith, A Onsare, R De Pinna, E Nair, S Amos, B Dougan, G Obaro, S Molecular surveillance identifies multiple transmissions of typhoid in West Africa |
| title | Molecular surveillance identifies multiple transmissions of typhoid in West Africa |
| title_full | Molecular surveillance identifies multiple transmissions of typhoid in West Africa |
| title_fullStr | Molecular surveillance identifies multiple transmissions of typhoid in West Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular surveillance identifies multiple transmissions of typhoid in West Africa |
| title_short | Molecular surveillance identifies multiple transmissions of typhoid in West Africa |
| title_sort | molecular surveillance identifies multiple transmissions of typhoid in west africa |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT wongv molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT holtk molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT okoroc molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT bakers molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT pickardd molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT marksf molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT pagea molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT olanipekung molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT munirh molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT alterr molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT feyp molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT feaseyn molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT weillf molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT lehellos molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT hartp molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT kariukis molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT breimanr molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT gordonm molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT heydermanr molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT jacobsj molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT lunguyao molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT msefulac molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT maclennanc molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT keddyk molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT smitha molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT onsarer molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT depinnae molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT nairs molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT amosb molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT dougang molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica AT obaros molecularsurveillanceidentifiesmultipletransmissionsoftyphoidinwestafrica |