| Тойм: | <p><strong>Background: </strong>The relevance of tobacco smoking for infectious respiratory diseases (IRD) is uncertain. We investigated the associations of cigarette smoking with severe IRD resulting in hospitalization or death in UK adults.</p>
<p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective study of cigarette smoking and risk of severe IRD in UK Biobank. The outcomes included pneumonia, other acute lower respiratory tract infections (OA-LRTI) and influenza. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) of severe IRD associated with smoking habits after adjusting for confounding factors.</p>
<p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 341 352 participants with no prior history of major chronic diseases, there were 12 384 incident cases with pneumonia, 7054 with OA-LRTI and 795 with influenza during a 12-year follow-up. Compared with non-smokers, current smoking was associated with ⁓2-fold higher rates of severe IRD (HR 2.40 [2.27–2.53] for pneumonia, 1.99 [1.84–2.14] for OA-LRTI and 1.82 [95% confidence interval: 1.47–2.24] for influenza). Incidence of all severe IRDs were positively associated with amount of cigarettes smoked. The HRs for each IRD (except influenza) also declined with increasing duration since quitting.</p>
<p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Current cigarette smoking was positively associated with higher rates of IRD and the findings extend indications for tobacco control measures and vaccination of current smokers for prevention of severe IRD.</p>
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