Defining clinical malaria: the specificity and incidence of endpoints from active and passive surveillance of children in rural Kenya.
BACKGROUND: Febrile malaria is the most common clinical manifestation of P. falciparum infection, and is often the primary endpoint in clinical trials and epidemiological studies. Subjective and objective fevers are both used to define the endpoint, but have not been carefully compared, and the rel...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science
2010
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| _version_ | 1797054321720819712 |
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| author | Olotu, A Fegan, G Williams, T Sasi, P Ogada, E Bauni, E Wambua, J Marsh, K Borrmann, S Bejon, P |
| author_facet | Olotu, A Fegan, G Williams, T Sasi, P Ogada, E Bauni, E Wambua, J Marsh, K Borrmann, S Bejon, P |
| author_sort | Olotu, A |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | BACKGROUND: Febrile malaria is the most common clinical manifestation of P. falciparum infection, and is often the primary endpoint in clinical trials and epidemiological studies. Subjective and objective fevers are both used to define the endpoint, but have not been carefully compared, and the relative incidence of clinical malaria by active and passive case detection is unknown. METHODS: We analyzed data from cohorts under active and passive surveillance, including 19,462 presentations with fever and 5,551 blood tests for asymptomatic parasitaemia. A logistic regression model was used to calculate Malaria Attributable Fractions (MAFs) for various case definitions. Incidences of febrile malaria by active and passive surveillance were compared in a subset of children matched for age and location. RESULTS: Active surveillance identified three times the incidence of clinical malaria as passive surveillance in a subset of children matched for age and location. Objective fever (temperature≥37.5°C) gave consistently higher MAFs than case definitions based on subjective fever. CONCLUSION: The endpoints from active and passive surveillance have high specificity, but the incidence of endpoints is lower on passive surveillance. Subjective fever had low specificity and should not be used in primary endpoint. Passive surveillance will reduce the power of clinical trials but may cost-effectively deliver acceptable sensitivity in studies of large populations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T18:55:36Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:11b8e4d5-1a90-4816-bed3-33080c10766f |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T18:55:36Z |
| publishDate | 2010 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:11b8e4d5-1a90-4816-bed3-33080c10766f2022-03-26T10:03:56ZDefining clinical malaria: the specificity and incidence of endpoints from active and passive surveillance of children in rural Kenya.Journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:11b8e4d5-1a90-4816-bed3-33080c10766fEnglishSymplectic Elements at OxfordPublic Library of Science2010Olotu, AFegan, GWilliams, TSasi, POgada, EBauni, EWambua, JMarsh, KBorrmann, SBejon, P BACKGROUND: Febrile malaria is the most common clinical manifestation of P. falciparum infection, and is often the primary endpoint in clinical trials and epidemiological studies. Subjective and objective fevers are both used to define the endpoint, but have not been carefully compared, and the relative incidence of clinical malaria by active and passive case detection is unknown. METHODS: We analyzed data from cohorts under active and passive surveillance, including 19,462 presentations with fever and 5,551 blood tests for asymptomatic parasitaemia. A logistic regression model was used to calculate Malaria Attributable Fractions (MAFs) for various case definitions. Incidences of febrile malaria by active and passive surveillance were compared in a subset of children matched for age and location. RESULTS: Active surveillance identified three times the incidence of clinical malaria as passive surveillance in a subset of children matched for age and location. Objective fever (temperature≥37.5°C) gave consistently higher MAFs than case definitions based on subjective fever. CONCLUSION: The endpoints from active and passive surveillance have high specificity, but the incidence of endpoints is lower on passive surveillance. Subjective fever had low specificity and should not be used in primary endpoint. Passive surveillance will reduce the power of clinical trials but may cost-effectively deliver acceptable sensitivity in studies of large populations. |
| spellingShingle | Olotu, A Fegan, G Williams, T Sasi, P Ogada, E Bauni, E Wambua, J Marsh, K Borrmann, S Bejon, P Defining clinical malaria: the specificity and incidence of endpoints from active and passive surveillance of children in rural Kenya. |
| title | Defining clinical malaria: the specificity and incidence of endpoints from active and passive surveillance of children in rural Kenya. |
| title_full | Defining clinical malaria: the specificity and incidence of endpoints from active and passive surveillance of children in rural Kenya. |
| title_fullStr | Defining clinical malaria: the specificity and incidence of endpoints from active and passive surveillance of children in rural Kenya. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Defining clinical malaria: the specificity and incidence of endpoints from active and passive surveillance of children in rural Kenya. |
| title_short | Defining clinical malaria: the specificity and incidence of endpoints from active and passive surveillance of children in rural Kenya. |
| title_sort | defining clinical malaria the specificity and incidence of endpoints from active and passive surveillance of children in rural kenya |
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