| 总结: | <p>We present a novel attack against the Combined Charging System, one of the most widely used DC rapid charging
technologies for electric vehicles (EVs). Our attack, BROKENWIRE, interrupts necessary control communication between
the vehicle and charger, causing charging sessions to abort.
The attack can be conducted wirelessly from a distance, allowing individual vehicles or entire fleets to be disrupted stealthily
and simultaneously. In addition, it can be mounted with offthe-shelf radio hardware and minimal technical knowledge.
The exploited behavior is a required part of the HomePlug
Green PHY, DIN 70121 & ISO 15118 standards and all known
implementations exhibit it.</p>
<p>We first study the attack in a controlled testbed and then
demonstrate it against seven vehicles and 18 chargers in real
deployments. We find the attack to be successful in the real
world, at ranges up to 47 m, for a power budget of less than
1 W. We further show that the attack can work between the
floors of a building (e.g., multi-story parking), through perimeter fences, and from ‘drive-by’ attacks. We present a heuristic
model to estimate the number of vehicles that can be attacked
simultaneously for a given output power.</p>
<p>BROKENWIRE has immediate implications for many of
the around 12 million battery EVs on the roads worldwide —
and profound effects on the new wave of electrification for
vehicle fleets, both for private enterprise and crucial public
services. As such, we conducted a disclosure to the industry
and discussed a range of mitigation techniques that could be
deployed to limit the impact.</p>
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