Hmx gene conservation identifies the origin of vertebrate cranial ganglia
The evolutionary origin of vertebrates included innovations in sensory processing associated with the acquisition of a predatory lifestyle. Vertebrates perceive external stimuli through sensory systems serviced by cranial sensory ganglia, whose neurons arise predominantly from cranial placodes; howe...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Springer Nature
2022
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| _version_ | 1826308842369056768 |
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| author | Papadogiannis, V Pennati, A Parker, HJ Rothbächer, U Patthey, C Bronne, ME Shimeld, S |
| author_facet | Papadogiannis, V Pennati, A Parker, HJ Rothbächer, U Patthey, C Bronne, ME Shimeld, S |
| author_sort | Papadogiannis, V |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | The evolutionary origin of vertebrates included innovations in sensory processing associated with the acquisition of a predatory lifestyle. Vertebrates perceive external stimuli through sensory systems serviced by cranial sensory ganglia, whose neurons arise predominantly from cranial placodes; however, the understanding of the evolutionary origin of placodes and cranial sensory ganglia is hampered by the anatomical differences between living lineages and the difficulty in assigning homology between cell types and structures. Here we show that the homeobox transcription factor Hmx is a constitutive component of vertebrate sensory ganglion development and that in the tunicate Ciona intestinalis, Hmx is necessary and sufficient to drive the differentiation programme of bipolar tail neurons, cells previously thought to be homologues of neural crest. Using Ciona and lamprey transgenesis, we demonstrate that a unique, tandemly duplicated enhancer pair regulated Hmx expression in the stem-vertebrate lineage. We also show notably robust vertebrate Hmx enhancer function in Ciona, demonstrating that deep conservation of the upstream regulatory network spans the evolutionary origin of vertebrates. These experiments demonstrate regulatory and functional conservation between Ciona and vertebrate Hmx, and point to bipolar tail neurons as homologues of cranial sensory ganglia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T07:25:21Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:1d91d24b-05a5-4217-be02-18967dc1e1c7 |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T07:25:21Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | Springer Nature |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:1d91d24b-05a5-4217-be02-18967dc1e1c72022-11-18T09:26:37ZHmx gene conservation identifies the origin of vertebrate cranial gangliaJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:1d91d24b-05a5-4217-be02-18967dc1e1c7EnglishSymplectic ElementsSpringer Nature2022Papadogiannis, VPennati, AParker, HJRothbächer, UPatthey, CBronne, MEShimeld, SThe evolutionary origin of vertebrates included innovations in sensory processing associated with the acquisition of a predatory lifestyle. Vertebrates perceive external stimuli through sensory systems serviced by cranial sensory ganglia, whose neurons arise predominantly from cranial placodes; however, the understanding of the evolutionary origin of placodes and cranial sensory ganglia is hampered by the anatomical differences between living lineages and the difficulty in assigning homology between cell types and structures. Here we show that the homeobox transcription factor Hmx is a constitutive component of vertebrate sensory ganglion development and that in the tunicate Ciona intestinalis, Hmx is necessary and sufficient to drive the differentiation programme of bipolar tail neurons, cells previously thought to be homologues of neural crest. Using Ciona and lamprey transgenesis, we demonstrate that a unique, tandemly duplicated enhancer pair regulated Hmx expression in the stem-vertebrate lineage. We also show notably robust vertebrate Hmx enhancer function in Ciona, demonstrating that deep conservation of the upstream regulatory network spans the evolutionary origin of vertebrates. These experiments demonstrate regulatory and functional conservation between Ciona and vertebrate Hmx, and point to bipolar tail neurons as homologues of cranial sensory ganglia. |
| spellingShingle | Papadogiannis, V Pennati, A Parker, HJ Rothbächer, U Patthey, C Bronne, ME Shimeld, S Hmx gene conservation identifies the origin of vertebrate cranial ganglia |
| title | Hmx gene conservation identifies the origin of vertebrate cranial ganglia |
| title_full | Hmx gene conservation identifies the origin of vertebrate cranial ganglia |
| title_fullStr | Hmx gene conservation identifies the origin of vertebrate cranial ganglia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hmx gene conservation identifies the origin of vertebrate cranial ganglia |
| title_short | Hmx gene conservation identifies the origin of vertebrate cranial ganglia |
| title_sort | hmx gene conservation identifies the origin of vertebrate cranial ganglia |
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