The spotted gar genome illuminates vertebrate evolution and facilitates human-teleost comparisons
To connect human biology to fish biomedical models, we sequenced the genome of spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus), whose lineage diverged from teleosts before teleost genome duplication (TGD). The slowly evolving gar genome has conserved in content and size many entire chromosomes from bony vertebra...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal article |
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Nature Publishing Group
2016
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| _version_ | 1797057666858614784 |
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| author | Braasch, I Gehrke, A Smith, J Martin, K Holland, P al., e |
| author_facet | Braasch, I Gehrke, A Smith, J Martin, K Holland, P al., e |
| author_sort | Braasch, I |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | To connect human biology to fish biomedical models, we sequenced the genome of spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus), whose lineage diverged from teleosts before teleost genome duplication (TGD). The slowly evolving gar genome has conserved in content and size many entire chromosomes from bony vertebrate ancestors. Gar bridges teleosts to tetrapods by illuminating the evolution of immunity, mineralization and development (mediated, for example, by Hox, ParaHox and microRNA genes). Numerous conserved noncoding elements (CNEs; often cis regulatory) undetectable in direct human-teleost comparisons become apparent using gar: functional studies uncovered conserved roles for such cryptic CNEs, facilitating annotation of sequences identified in human genome-wide association studies. Transcriptomic analyses showed that the sums of expression domains and expression levels for duplicated teleost genes often approximate the patterns and levels of expression for gar genes, consistent with subfunctionalization. The gar genome provides a resource for understanding evolution after genome duplication, the origin of vertebrate genomes and the function of human regulatory sequences. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T19:39:39Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:203a1ab7-0aba-4266-aeb4-dcceae22bafc |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T19:39:39Z |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:203a1ab7-0aba-4266-aeb4-dcceae22bafc2022-03-26T11:26:18ZThe spotted gar genome illuminates vertebrate evolution and facilitates human-teleost comparisonsJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:203a1ab7-0aba-4266-aeb4-dcceae22bafcSymplectic Elements at OxfordNature Publishing Group2016Braasch, IGehrke, ASmith, JMartin, KHolland, Pal., eTo connect human biology to fish biomedical models, we sequenced the genome of spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus), whose lineage diverged from teleosts before teleost genome duplication (TGD). The slowly evolving gar genome has conserved in content and size many entire chromosomes from bony vertebrate ancestors. Gar bridges teleosts to tetrapods by illuminating the evolution of immunity, mineralization and development (mediated, for example, by Hox, ParaHox and microRNA genes). Numerous conserved noncoding elements (CNEs; often cis regulatory) undetectable in direct human-teleost comparisons become apparent using gar: functional studies uncovered conserved roles for such cryptic CNEs, facilitating annotation of sequences identified in human genome-wide association studies. Transcriptomic analyses showed that the sums of expression domains and expression levels for duplicated teleost genes often approximate the patterns and levels of expression for gar genes, consistent with subfunctionalization. The gar genome provides a resource for understanding evolution after genome duplication, the origin of vertebrate genomes and the function of human regulatory sequences. |
| spellingShingle | Braasch, I Gehrke, A Smith, J Martin, K Holland, P al., e The spotted gar genome illuminates vertebrate evolution and facilitates human-teleost comparisons |
| title | The spotted gar genome illuminates vertebrate evolution and facilitates human-teleost comparisons |
| title_full | The spotted gar genome illuminates vertebrate evolution and facilitates human-teleost comparisons |
| title_fullStr | The spotted gar genome illuminates vertebrate evolution and facilitates human-teleost comparisons |
| title_full_unstemmed | The spotted gar genome illuminates vertebrate evolution and facilitates human-teleost comparisons |
| title_short | The spotted gar genome illuminates vertebrate evolution and facilitates human-teleost comparisons |
| title_sort | spotted gar genome illuminates vertebrate evolution and facilitates human teleost comparisons |
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