An update of a systematic review and meta-analyses exploring flavours in intervention studies of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation
<p><strong>Aims</p></strong> To determine patterns of e-cigarette flavour use (sweet, tobacco, menthol/mint) in interventional studies of e-cigarettes for stopping smoking, and to estimate associations between flavours and smoking/vaping outcomes. <p><strong>Metho...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2024
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| _version_ | 1824458867126304768 |
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| author | Lindson, N Livingstone-Banks, J Butler, A Levy, D Barnett, P Theodoulou, A Notley, C Rigotti, N Chen, Y Hartmann-Boyce, J |
| author_facet | Lindson, N Livingstone-Banks, J Butler, A Levy, D Barnett, P Theodoulou, A Notley, C Rigotti, N Chen, Y Hartmann-Boyce, J |
| author_sort | Lindson, N |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | <p><strong>Aims</p></strong>
To determine patterns of e-cigarette flavour use (sweet, tobacco, menthol/mint) in interventional
studies of e-cigarettes for stopping smoking, and to estimate associations between flavours and
smoking/vaping outcomes.
<p><strong>Methods</p></strong>
Update of secondary data analyses, including meta-analyses subgrouped by flavour provision and
narrative syntheses, incorporating data from January 2004 to February 2024. Eligible studies were
identified from a Cochrane review. Studies provided adults who smoked cigarettes with nicotinecontaining e-cigarettes for smoking cessation and provided data on e-cigarette e-liquid flavour use.
Outcomes included participants’ flavour use measured at any time, plus smoking abstinence,
abstinence from all tobacco or commercial nicotine products, and allocated product use at 6 months
or longer, reported as risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals. We assessed risk of bias using the
Cochrane Risk of Bias 1 tool.
<p><strong>Results</p></strong>
We included 25 studies (n=16,748); 21 contributed to subgroup meta-analyses and 18 provided
flavour choices. We judged 15 studies at high, seven at low, and three at unclear risk of bias. In
studies where participants had a choice of flavours, some switching between flavours occurred (five
studies). A preference for sweet (including fruit) flavours over tobacco and menthol was indicated (in
6 of 11 studies); however, there were differences across studies. Subgroup meta-analyses showed
no clear associations between e-liquid flavours provided and smoking cessation or study product
use. One included study randomised participants to two different flavour conditions and found
similar cessation rates and long-term e-cigarette use between arms at 12 months.
<p><strong>Conclusions</p></strong>
Some people using e-cigarettes to quit smoking switch between e-cigarette flavours during a quit
attempt. Sweet flavours may be preferred overall, but this may differ depending on context. Based
on intervention studies there is no clear association between the use of e-cigarette flavours and
smoking cessation or longer-term e-cigarette use, possibly due to a paucity of data. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-09T03:21:47Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:24049f3e-fcfe-40f4-a5e3-4a345577894c |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-02-19T04:32:42Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:24049f3e-fcfe-40f4-a5e3-4a345577894c2025-01-20T12:38:08ZAn update of a systematic review and meta-analyses exploring flavours in intervention studies of e-cigarettes for smoking cessationJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:24049f3e-fcfe-40f4-a5e3-4a345577894cEnglishSymplectic ElementsWiley2024Lindson, NLivingstone-Banks, JButler, ALevy, DBarnett, PTheodoulou, ANotley, CRigotti, NChen, YHartmann-Boyce, J<p><strong>Aims</p></strong> To determine patterns of e-cigarette flavour use (sweet, tobacco, menthol/mint) in interventional studies of e-cigarettes for stopping smoking, and to estimate associations between flavours and smoking/vaping outcomes. <p><strong>Methods</p></strong> Update of secondary data analyses, including meta-analyses subgrouped by flavour provision and narrative syntheses, incorporating data from January 2004 to February 2024. Eligible studies were identified from a Cochrane review. Studies provided adults who smoked cigarettes with nicotinecontaining e-cigarettes for smoking cessation and provided data on e-cigarette e-liquid flavour use. Outcomes included participants’ flavour use measured at any time, plus smoking abstinence, abstinence from all tobacco or commercial nicotine products, and allocated product use at 6 months or longer, reported as risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals. We assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 1 tool. <p><strong>Results</p></strong> We included 25 studies (n=16,748); 21 contributed to subgroup meta-analyses and 18 provided flavour choices. We judged 15 studies at high, seven at low, and three at unclear risk of bias. In studies where participants had a choice of flavours, some switching between flavours occurred (five studies). A preference for sweet (including fruit) flavours over tobacco and menthol was indicated (in 6 of 11 studies); however, there were differences across studies. Subgroup meta-analyses showed no clear associations between e-liquid flavours provided and smoking cessation or study product use. One included study randomised participants to two different flavour conditions and found similar cessation rates and long-term e-cigarette use between arms at 12 months. <p><strong>Conclusions</p></strong> Some people using e-cigarettes to quit smoking switch between e-cigarette flavours during a quit attempt. Sweet flavours may be preferred overall, but this may differ depending on context. Based on intervention studies there is no clear association between the use of e-cigarette flavours and smoking cessation or longer-term e-cigarette use, possibly due to a paucity of data. |
| spellingShingle | Lindson, N Livingstone-Banks, J Butler, A Levy, D Barnett, P Theodoulou, A Notley, C Rigotti, N Chen, Y Hartmann-Boyce, J An update of a systematic review and meta-analyses exploring flavours in intervention studies of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation |
| title | An update of a systematic review and meta-analyses exploring flavours in intervention studies of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation |
| title_full | An update of a systematic review and meta-analyses exploring flavours in intervention studies of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation |
| title_fullStr | An update of a systematic review and meta-analyses exploring flavours in intervention studies of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation |
| title_full_unstemmed | An update of a systematic review and meta-analyses exploring flavours in intervention studies of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation |
| title_short | An update of a systematic review and meta-analyses exploring flavours in intervention studies of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation |
| title_sort | update of a systematic review and meta analyses exploring flavours in intervention studies of e cigarettes for smoking cessation |
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