Shipping regulations lead to large reduction in cloud perturbations
Global shipping accounts for 13% of global emissions of SO2, which, once oxidized to sulfate aerosol, acts to cool the planet both directly by scattering sunlight and indirectly by increasing the albedo of clouds. This cooling due to sulfate aerosol offsets some of the warming effect of greenhouse g...
| প্রধান লেখক: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| বিন্যাস: | Journal article |
| ভাষা: | English |
| প্রকাশিত: |
National Academy of Sciences
2022
|
| _version_ | 1826308537522847744 |
|---|---|
| author | Watson-Parris, D Christensen, MW Laurenson, A Clewley, D Gryspeerdt, E Stier, P |
| author_facet | Watson-Parris, D Christensen, MW Laurenson, A Clewley, D Gryspeerdt, E Stier, P |
| author_sort | Watson-Parris, D |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | Global shipping accounts for 13% of global emissions of SO2, which, once oxidized to sulfate aerosol, acts to cool the planet both directly by scattering sunlight and indirectly by increasing the albedo of clouds. This cooling due to sulfate aerosol offsets some of the warming effect of greenhouse gasses and is the largest uncertainty in determining the change in the Earth’s radiative balance by human activity. Ship tracks—the visible manifestation of the indirect of effect of ship emissions on clouds as quasi-linear features—have long provided an opportunity to quantify these effects. However, they have been arduous to catalog and typically studied only in particular regions for short periods of time. Using a machine-learning algorithm to automate their detection we catalog more than 1 million ship tracks to provide a global climatology. We use this to investigate the effect of stringent fuel regulations introduced by the International Maritime Organization in 2020 on their global prevalence since then, while accounting for the disruption in global commerce caused by COVID-19. We find a marked, but clearly nonlinear, decline in ship tracks globally: An 80% reduction in SO𝐱 emissions causes only a 25% reduction in the number of tracks detected. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T07:20:56Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:268016b5-497e-465b-a69c-8f5f147e5f07 |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T07:20:56Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:268016b5-497e-465b-a69c-8f5f147e5f072022-10-07T10:39:38ZShipping regulations lead to large reduction in cloud perturbationsJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:268016b5-497e-465b-a69c-8f5f147e5f07EnglishSymplectic ElementsNational Academy of Sciences2022Watson-Parris, DChristensen, MWLaurenson, AClewley, DGryspeerdt, EStier, PGlobal shipping accounts for 13% of global emissions of SO2, which, once oxidized to sulfate aerosol, acts to cool the planet both directly by scattering sunlight and indirectly by increasing the albedo of clouds. This cooling due to sulfate aerosol offsets some of the warming effect of greenhouse gasses and is the largest uncertainty in determining the change in the Earth’s radiative balance by human activity. Ship tracks—the visible manifestation of the indirect of effect of ship emissions on clouds as quasi-linear features—have long provided an opportunity to quantify these effects. However, they have been arduous to catalog and typically studied only in particular regions for short periods of time. Using a machine-learning algorithm to automate their detection we catalog more than 1 million ship tracks to provide a global climatology. We use this to investigate the effect of stringent fuel regulations introduced by the International Maritime Organization in 2020 on their global prevalence since then, while accounting for the disruption in global commerce caused by COVID-19. We find a marked, but clearly nonlinear, decline in ship tracks globally: An 80% reduction in SO𝐱 emissions causes only a 25% reduction in the number of tracks detected. |
| spellingShingle | Watson-Parris, D Christensen, MW Laurenson, A Clewley, D Gryspeerdt, E Stier, P Shipping regulations lead to large reduction in cloud perturbations |
| title | Shipping regulations lead to large reduction in cloud perturbations |
| title_full | Shipping regulations lead to large reduction in cloud perturbations |
| title_fullStr | Shipping regulations lead to large reduction in cloud perturbations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Shipping regulations lead to large reduction in cloud perturbations |
| title_short | Shipping regulations lead to large reduction in cloud perturbations |
| title_sort | shipping regulations lead to large reduction in cloud perturbations |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT watsonparrisd shippingregulationsleadtolargereductionincloudperturbations AT christensenmw shippingregulationsleadtolargereductionincloudperturbations AT laurensona shippingregulationsleadtolargereductionincloudperturbations AT clewleyd shippingregulationsleadtolargereductionincloudperturbations AT gryspeerdte shippingregulationsleadtolargereductionincloudperturbations AT stierp shippingregulationsleadtolargereductionincloudperturbations |