Plant Y chromosome degeneration is retarded by haploid purifying selection.
Sex chromosomes evolved many times independently in many different organisms [1]. According to the currently accepted model, X and Y chromosomes evolve from a pair of autosomes via a series of inversions leading to stepwise expansion of a nonrecombining region on the Y chromosome (NRY) and the conse...
| Auteurs principaux: | , |
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| Format: | Journal article |
| Langue: | English |
| Publié: |
2011
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| _version_ | 1826264836491706368 |
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| author | Chibalina, M Filatov, D |
| author_facet | Chibalina, M Filatov, D |
| author_sort | Chibalina, M |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | Sex chromosomes evolved many times independently in many different organisms [1]. According to the currently accepted model, X and Y chromosomes evolve from a pair of autosomes via a series of inversions leading to stepwise expansion of a nonrecombining region on the Y chromosome (NRY) and the consequential degeneration of genes trapped in the NRY [2]. Our results suggest that plants represent an exception to this rule as a result of their unique life-cycle that includes alteration of diploid and haploid generations and widespread haploid expression of genes in plant gametophytes [3]. Using a new high-throughput approach, we identified over 400 new genes expressed from X and Y chromosomes in Silene latifolia, a plant that evolved sex chromosomes about 10 million years ago. Y-linked genes show faster accumulation of amino-acid replacements and loss of expression, compared to X-linked genes. These degenerative processes are significantly less pronounced in more constrained genes and genes that are likely exposed to haploid-phase selection. This may explain why plants retain hundreds of expressed Y-linked genes despite millions of years of Y chromosome degeneration, whereas animal Y chromosomes are almost completely degenerate. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T20:14:13Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:2b9e283d-bddd-468e-a25f-06002df1ca27 |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T20:14:13Z |
| publishDate | 2011 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:2b9e283d-bddd-468e-a25f-06002df1ca272022-03-26T12:31:55ZPlant Y chromosome degeneration is retarded by haploid purifying selection.Journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:2b9e283d-bddd-468e-a25f-06002df1ca27EnglishSymplectic Elements at Oxford2011Chibalina, MFilatov, DSex chromosomes evolved many times independently in many different organisms [1]. According to the currently accepted model, X and Y chromosomes evolve from a pair of autosomes via a series of inversions leading to stepwise expansion of a nonrecombining region on the Y chromosome (NRY) and the consequential degeneration of genes trapped in the NRY [2]. Our results suggest that plants represent an exception to this rule as a result of their unique life-cycle that includes alteration of diploid and haploid generations and widespread haploid expression of genes in plant gametophytes [3]. Using a new high-throughput approach, we identified over 400 new genes expressed from X and Y chromosomes in Silene latifolia, a plant that evolved sex chromosomes about 10 million years ago. Y-linked genes show faster accumulation of amino-acid replacements and loss of expression, compared to X-linked genes. These degenerative processes are significantly less pronounced in more constrained genes and genes that are likely exposed to haploid-phase selection. This may explain why plants retain hundreds of expressed Y-linked genes despite millions of years of Y chromosome degeneration, whereas animal Y chromosomes are almost completely degenerate. |
| spellingShingle | Chibalina, M Filatov, D Plant Y chromosome degeneration is retarded by haploid purifying selection. |
| title | Plant Y chromosome degeneration is retarded by haploid purifying selection. |
| title_full | Plant Y chromosome degeneration is retarded by haploid purifying selection. |
| title_fullStr | Plant Y chromosome degeneration is retarded by haploid purifying selection. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Plant Y chromosome degeneration is retarded by haploid purifying selection. |
| title_short | Plant Y chromosome degeneration is retarded by haploid purifying selection. |
| title_sort | plant y chromosome degeneration is retarded by haploid purifying selection |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT chibalinam plantychromosomedegenerationisretardedbyhaploidpurifyingselection AT filatovd plantychromosomedegenerationisretardedbyhaploidpurifyingselection |