Thirty years of climate mitigation: lessons from the 1989 options appraisal for the UK
In April 1989, the UK Prime Minister, Margaret Thatcher, convened a full cabinet meeting on climate change addressed by leading scientists. The presentation on mitigation of carbon dioxide emissions was made by the Head of the Energy Technology Support Unit (ETSU), Ken Currie, and identified the key...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2021
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| _version_ | 1797106572031164416 |
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| author | Lees, E Eyre, N |
| author_facet | Lees, E Eyre, N |
| author_sort | Lees, E |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | In April 1989, the UK Prime Minister, Margaret Thatcher, convened a full cabinet meeting on
climate change addressed by leading scientists. The presentation on mitigation of carbon dioxide
emissions was made by the Head of the Energy Technology Support Unit (ETSU), Ken Currie, and
identified the key potential options for mitigation by 2020. In this paper, we compare the mitigation
potential identified for each proposed option with the 2019 outturn. The largest mitigation options
identified were improved end use energy efficiency across the economy and the generation and
use of low carbon electricity. Our analysis finds that these have been the key options adopted.
Reductions in primary energy use, resulting from improvements in energy efficiency were
concentrated in the period 2005-2012 which in 1989 were widely considered to be ambitious.
Decarbonisation of electricity has been achieved by the displacement of coal, initially by gas and
more recently by renewable electricity. Renewable electricity has exceeded 1989 expectations in
the last five years and is now the biggest source of CO2 reductions from electricity generation. The
contribution envisaged by nuclear electricity has not occurred, largely due its failure to compete in
liberalised generation markets. In all cases, the policy environment has been important. We draw
lessons for mitigation options to achieve the goal of net zero emissions in the next 30 years. The
contribution of demand side and other modular options will remain crucial, as mass-produced
technologies tend to improve more quickly than those requiring large construction projects.
Environmental, social and political factors will be important, so analysis should not be a purely
techno-economic assessment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T07:04:24Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:30009327-860b-4cfb-9784-58463c6baf1b |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T07:04:24Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:30009327-860b-4cfb-9784-58463c6baf1b2022-04-20T12:40:34ZThirty years of climate mitigation: lessons from the 1989 options appraisal for the UKJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:30009327-860b-4cfb-9784-58463c6baf1bEnglishSymplectic ElementsSpringer2021Lees, EEyre, NIn April 1989, the UK Prime Minister, Margaret Thatcher, convened a full cabinet meeting on climate change addressed by leading scientists. The presentation on mitigation of carbon dioxide emissions was made by the Head of the Energy Technology Support Unit (ETSU), Ken Currie, and identified the key potential options for mitigation by 2020. In this paper, we compare the mitigation potential identified for each proposed option with the 2019 outturn. The largest mitigation options identified were improved end use energy efficiency across the economy and the generation and use of low carbon electricity. Our analysis finds that these have been the key options adopted. Reductions in primary energy use, resulting from improvements in energy efficiency were concentrated in the period 2005-2012 which in 1989 were widely considered to be ambitious. Decarbonisation of electricity has been achieved by the displacement of coal, initially by gas and more recently by renewable electricity. Renewable electricity has exceeded 1989 expectations in the last five years and is now the biggest source of CO2 reductions from electricity generation. The contribution envisaged by nuclear electricity has not occurred, largely due its failure to compete in liberalised generation markets. In all cases, the policy environment has been important. We draw lessons for mitigation options to achieve the goal of net zero emissions in the next 30 years. The contribution of demand side and other modular options will remain crucial, as mass-produced technologies tend to improve more quickly than those requiring large construction projects. Environmental, social and political factors will be important, so analysis should not be a purely techno-economic assessment. |
| spellingShingle | Lees, E Eyre, N Thirty years of climate mitigation: lessons from the 1989 options appraisal for the UK |
| title | Thirty years of climate mitigation: lessons from the 1989 options appraisal for the UK |
| title_full | Thirty years of climate mitigation: lessons from the 1989 options appraisal for the UK |
| title_fullStr | Thirty years of climate mitigation: lessons from the 1989 options appraisal for the UK |
| title_full_unstemmed | Thirty years of climate mitigation: lessons from the 1989 options appraisal for the UK |
| title_short | Thirty years of climate mitigation: lessons from the 1989 options appraisal for the UK |
| title_sort | thirty years of climate mitigation lessons from the 1989 options appraisal for the uk |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT leese thirtyyearsofclimatemitigationlessonsfromthe1989optionsappraisalfortheuk AT eyren thirtyyearsofclimatemitigationlessonsfromthe1989optionsappraisalfortheuk |