Opportunities and challenges in antimicrobial resistance policy including animal production systems and humans across stakeholders in Argentina: a context and qualitative analysis
Introduction: Gaps in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance and control, including implementation of national action plans (NAPs), are evident internationally. Countries’ capacity to translate political commitment into action is crucial to cope with AMR at the human–animal–environment interfac...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMJ Publishing Group
2024
|
| _version_ | 1811139694541406208 |
|---|---|
| author | Allel, K Fernandez-Miyakawa, M Gaze, W Petroni, A Corso, A Luna, F Barcelona, L Boden, L Pitchforth, E Sota, RLDL Gómez, S Bruni, SS Reyher, K West, H Davies, P Moran, D |
| author_facet | Allel, K Fernandez-Miyakawa, M Gaze, W Petroni, A Corso, A Luna, F Barcelona, L Boden, L Pitchforth, E Sota, RLDL Gómez, S Bruni, SS Reyher, K West, H Davies, P Moran, D |
| author_sort | Allel, K |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | Introduction: Gaps in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance and control, including implementation of national action plans (NAPs), are evident internationally. Countries’ capacity to translate political commitment into action is crucial to cope with AMR at the human–animal–environment interface. Methods: We employed a two-stage process to understand opportunities and challenges related to AMR surveillance and control at the human–animal interface in Argentina. First, we compiled the central AMR policies locally and mapped vital stakeholders around the NAP and the national commission against bacterial resistance. Second, we conducted qualitative interviews using a semistructured questionnaire covering stakeholders’ understanding and progress towards AMR and NAP. We employed a mixed deductive–inductive approach and used the constant comparative analysis method. We created categories and themes to cluster subthemes and determined crucial relationships among thematic groups. Results: Crucial AMR policy developments have been made since 1969, including gradually banning colistin in food-producing animals. In 2023, a new government decree prioritised AMR following the 2015 NAP launch. Our qualitative analyses identified seven major themes for tackling AMR: (I) Cultural factors and sociopolitical country context hampering AMR progress, (II) Fragmented governance, (III) Antibiotic access and use, (IV) AMR knowledge and awareness throughout stakeholders, (V) AMR surveillance, (VI) NAP efforts and (VII) External drivers. We identified a fragmented structure of the food production chain, poor cross-coordination between stakeholders, limited surveillance and regulation among food-producing animals and geographical disparities over access, diagnosis and treatment. The country is moving to integrate animal and food production into its surveillance system, with most hospitals experienced in monitoring AMR through antimicrobial stewardship programmes. Conclusion: AMR accountability should involve underpinning collaboration at different NAP implementation levels and providing adequate resources to safeguard long-term sustainability. Incorporating a multisectoral context-specific approach relying on different One Health domains is crucial to strengthening local AMR surveillance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-25T04:10:10Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:304b9efa-1d85-4a50-8fc4-fdc97ab41c9f |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-25T04:10:10Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:304b9efa-1d85-4a50-8fc4-fdc97ab41c9f2024-06-18T20:08:21ZOpportunities and challenges in antimicrobial resistance policy including animal production systems and humans across stakeholders in Argentina: a context and qualitative analysisJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:304b9efa-1d85-4a50-8fc4-fdc97ab41c9fEnglishJisc Publications RouterBMJ Publishing Group2024Allel, KFernandez-Miyakawa, MGaze, WPetroni, ACorso, ALuna, FBarcelona, LBoden, LPitchforth, ESota, RLDLGómez, SBruni, SSReyher, KWest, HDavies, PMoran, DIntroduction: Gaps in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance and control, including implementation of national action plans (NAPs), are evident internationally. Countries’ capacity to translate political commitment into action is crucial to cope with AMR at the human–animal–environment interface. Methods: We employed a two-stage process to understand opportunities and challenges related to AMR surveillance and control at the human–animal interface in Argentina. First, we compiled the central AMR policies locally and mapped vital stakeholders around the NAP and the national commission against bacterial resistance. Second, we conducted qualitative interviews using a semistructured questionnaire covering stakeholders’ understanding and progress towards AMR and NAP. We employed a mixed deductive–inductive approach and used the constant comparative analysis method. We created categories and themes to cluster subthemes and determined crucial relationships among thematic groups. Results: Crucial AMR policy developments have been made since 1969, including gradually banning colistin in food-producing animals. In 2023, a new government decree prioritised AMR following the 2015 NAP launch. Our qualitative analyses identified seven major themes for tackling AMR: (I) Cultural factors and sociopolitical country context hampering AMR progress, (II) Fragmented governance, (III) Antibiotic access and use, (IV) AMR knowledge and awareness throughout stakeholders, (V) AMR surveillance, (VI) NAP efforts and (VII) External drivers. We identified a fragmented structure of the food production chain, poor cross-coordination between stakeholders, limited surveillance and regulation among food-producing animals and geographical disparities over access, diagnosis and treatment. The country is moving to integrate animal and food production into its surveillance system, with most hospitals experienced in monitoring AMR through antimicrobial stewardship programmes. Conclusion: AMR accountability should involve underpinning collaboration at different NAP implementation levels and providing adequate resources to safeguard long-term sustainability. Incorporating a multisectoral context-specific approach relying on different One Health domains is crucial to strengthening local AMR surveillance. |
| spellingShingle | Allel, K Fernandez-Miyakawa, M Gaze, W Petroni, A Corso, A Luna, F Barcelona, L Boden, L Pitchforth, E Sota, RLDL Gómez, S Bruni, SS Reyher, K West, H Davies, P Moran, D Opportunities and challenges in antimicrobial resistance policy including animal production systems and humans across stakeholders in Argentina: a context and qualitative analysis |
| title | Opportunities and challenges in antimicrobial resistance policy including animal production systems and humans across stakeholders in Argentina: a context and qualitative analysis |
| title_full | Opportunities and challenges in antimicrobial resistance policy including animal production systems and humans across stakeholders in Argentina: a context and qualitative analysis |
| title_fullStr | Opportunities and challenges in antimicrobial resistance policy including animal production systems and humans across stakeholders in Argentina: a context and qualitative analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Opportunities and challenges in antimicrobial resistance policy including animal production systems and humans across stakeholders in Argentina: a context and qualitative analysis |
| title_short | Opportunities and challenges in antimicrobial resistance policy including animal production systems and humans across stakeholders in Argentina: a context and qualitative analysis |
| title_sort | opportunities and challenges in antimicrobial resistance policy including animal production systems and humans across stakeholders in argentina a context and qualitative analysis |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT allelk opportunitiesandchallengesinantimicrobialresistancepolicyincludinganimalproductionsystemsandhumansacrossstakeholdersinargentinaacontextandqualitativeanalysis AT fernandezmiyakawam opportunitiesandchallengesinantimicrobialresistancepolicyincludinganimalproductionsystemsandhumansacrossstakeholdersinargentinaacontextandqualitativeanalysis AT gazew opportunitiesandchallengesinantimicrobialresistancepolicyincludinganimalproductionsystemsandhumansacrossstakeholdersinargentinaacontextandqualitativeanalysis AT petronia opportunitiesandchallengesinantimicrobialresistancepolicyincludinganimalproductionsystemsandhumansacrossstakeholdersinargentinaacontextandqualitativeanalysis AT corsoa opportunitiesandchallengesinantimicrobialresistancepolicyincludinganimalproductionsystemsandhumansacrossstakeholdersinargentinaacontextandqualitativeanalysis AT lunaf opportunitiesandchallengesinantimicrobialresistancepolicyincludinganimalproductionsystemsandhumansacrossstakeholdersinargentinaacontextandqualitativeanalysis AT barcelonal opportunitiesandchallengesinantimicrobialresistancepolicyincludinganimalproductionsystemsandhumansacrossstakeholdersinargentinaacontextandqualitativeanalysis AT bodenl opportunitiesandchallengesinantimicrobialresistancepolicyincludinganimalproductionsystemsandhumansacrossstakeholdersinargentinaacontextandqualitativeanalysis AT pitchforthe opportunitiesandchallengesinantimicrobialresistancepolicyincludinganimalproductionsystemsandhumansacrossstakeholdersinargentinaacontextandqualitativeanalysis AT opportunitiesandchallengesinantimicrobialresistancepolicyincludinganimalproductionsystemsandhumansacrossstakeholdersinargentinaacontextandqualitativeanalysis AT sotarldl opportunitiesandchallengesinantimicrobialresistancepolicyincludinganimalproductionsystemsandhumansacrossstakeholdersinargentinaacontextandqualitativeanalysis AT gomezs opportunitiesandchallengesinantimicrobialresistancepolicyincludinganimalproductionsystemsandhumansacrossstakeholdersinargentinaacontextandqualitativeanalysis AT bruniss opportunitiesandchallengesinantimicrobialresistancepolicyincludinganimalproductionsystemsandhumansacrossstakeholdersinargentinaacontextandqualitativeanalysis AT reyherk opportunitiesandchallengesinantimicrobialresistancepolicyincludinganimalproductionsystemsandhumansacrossstakeholdersinargentinaacontextandqualitativeanalysis AT westh opportunitiesandchallengesinantimicrobialresistancepolicyincludinganimalproductionsystemsandhumansacrossstakeholdersinargentinaacontextandqualitativeanalysis AT daviesp opportunitiesandchallengesinantimicrobialresistancepolicyincludinganimalproductionsystemsandhumansacrossstakeholdersinargentinaacontextandqualitativeanalysis AT morand opportunitiesandchallengesinantimicrobialresistancepolicyincludinganimalproductionsystemsandhumansacrossstakeholdersinargentinaacontextandqualitativeanalysis |