Persistence of protection against invasive bacteria-memory b cell response in infants after immunisation
<p>Rapid waning of antibody and vaccine effectiveness is observed following infant immunisation with protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccines. This is despite the demonstrable presence of immunological memory. However, disease can develop within a few days of carriage acquisition of encapsula...
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| Format: | Thesis |
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2008
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| _version_ | 1817932649389359104 |
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| author | Rohner, G |
| author_facet | Rohner, G |
| author_sort | Rohner, G |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | <p>Rapid waning of antibody and vaccine effectiveness is observed following infant immunisation with protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccines. This is despite the demonstrable presence of immunological memory. However, disease can develop within a few days of carriage acquisition of encapsulated bacteria. Persistence of functional antibody, therefore, appears to be the key determinant of long-term protection against invasive bacterial diseases. Antibody persistence is thought to depend on the survival of long-lived plasma cells and memory B cells generated in germinal centres (GC).</p> <p>Using the ELISpot method, the kinetics of the B cell response following a booster dose of MenC conjugate vaccine (MenCV) at one year of age, and following a 2 dose-primary course of a new tetravalent meningococcal vaccine (MenACWY-CRM197) given at 2 and 4 months of age, were determined. It was found that priming with these vaccines induced protective antibody levels in the majority of children but detectable memory B cells only in a subset of children. A strong association was found between the level of polysaccharide-specific antibody and memory B cells produced after priming, and the persistence of functional antibody at one year of age.</p> <p>The kinetics of a primary B cell response were determined in healthy adults after immunisation with rabies vaccine, and compared to the B cell response following primary immunisation with MenCV in 2 months old infants. The timing of appearance of the B cells in peripheral blood was similar in infants and adults, although the magnitude of the response was slightly lower in infants.</p> <p>These observations suggest that long-term humoral immunity induced by immunisation with protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccines in early infancy depends on the production of adequate GCs during priming. The children who generate efficient GCs during priming (identified by higher production of memory B cells, plasma cells and Abs) may best maintain protective antibody levels in the long-term, while those children generating less efficient GCs, have a smaller B cell pool, lower antibody response during priming, and might not maintain protective antibody levels in the long-term.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T20:35:41Z |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oxford-uuid:328b5ab7-6dbd-48fb-b5e6-b682c060753a |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-09T03:41:16Z |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:328b5ab7-6dbd-48fb-b5e6-b682c060753a2024-12-07T12:17:19ZPersistence of protection against invasive bacteria-memory b cell response in infants after immunisationThesishttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06uuid:328b5ab7-6dbd-48fb-b5e6-b682c060753aPolonsky Theses Digitisation Project2008Rohner, G<p>Rapid waning of antibody and vaccine effectiveness is observed following infant immunisation with protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccines. This is despite the demonstrable presence of immunological memory. However, disease can develop within a few days of carriage acquisition of encapsulated bacteria. Persistence of functional antibody, therefore, appears to be the key determinant of long-term protection against invasive bacterial diseases. Antibody persistence is thought to depend on the survival of long-lived plasma cells and memory B cells generated in germinal centres (GC).</p> <p>Using the ELISpot method, the kinetics of the B cell response following a booster dose of MenC conjugate vaccine (MenCV) at one year of age, and following a 2 dose-primary course of a new tetravalent meningococcal vaccine (MenACWY-CRM197) given at 2 and 4 months of age, were determined. It was found that priming with these vaccines induced protective antibody levels in the majority of children but detectable memory B cells only in a subset of children. A strong association was found between the level of polysaccharide-specific antibody and memory B cells produced after priming, and the persistence of functional antibody at one year of age.</p> <p>The kinetics of a primary B cell response were determined in healthy adults after immunisation with rabies vaccine, and compared to the B cell response following primary immunisation with MenCV in 2 months old infants. The timing of appearance of the B cells in peripheral blood was similar in infants and adults, although the magnitude of the response was slightly lower in infants.</p> <p>These observations suggest that long-term humoral immunity induced by immunisation with protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccines in early infancy depends on the production of adequate GCs during priming. The children who generate efficient GCs during priming (identified by higher production of memory B cells, plasma cells and Abs) may best maintain protective antibody levels in the long-term, while those children generating less efficient GCs, have a smaller B cell pool, lower antibody response during priming, and might not maintain protective antibody levels in the long-term.</p> |
| spellingShingle | Rohner, G Persistence of protection against invasive bacteria-memory b cell response in infants after immunisation |
| title | Persistence of protection against invasive bacteria-memory b cell response in infants after immunisation |
| title_full | Persistence of protection against invasive bacteria-memory b cell response in infants after immunisation |
| title_fullStr | Persistence of protection against invasive bacteria-memory b cell response in infants after immunisation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Persistence of protection against invasive bacteria-memory b cell response in infants after immunisation |
| title_short | Persistence of protection against invasive bacteria-memory b cell response in infants after immunisation |
| title_sort | persistence of protection against invasive bacteria memory b cell response in infants after immunisation |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rohnerg persistenceofprotectionagainstinvasivebacteriamemorybcellresponseininfantsafterimmunisation |