Medium- and short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase gene and protein families : the SDR superfamily: functional and structural diversity within a family of metabolic and regulatory enzymes.
Short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDRs) constitute a large family of NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases, sharing sequence motifs and displaying similar mechanisms. SDR enzymes have critical roles in lipid, amino acid, carbohydrate, cofactor, hormone and xenobiotic metabolism as well as in redo...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Journal article |
| Sprog: | English |
| Udgivet: |
2008
|
| Fag: |
| _version_ | 1826266321692655616 |
|---|---|
| author | Kavanagh, K Jörnvall, H Persson, B Oppermann, U |
| author_facet | Kavanagh, K Jörnvall, H Persson, B Oppermann, U |
| author_sort | Kavanagh, K |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | Short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDRs) constitute a large family of NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases, sharing sequence motifs and displaying similar mechanisms. SDR enzymes have critical roles in lipid, amino acid, carbohydrate, cofactor, hormone and xenobiotic metabolism as well as in redox sensor mechanisms. Sequence identities are low, and the most conserved feature is an alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta sheet flanked by 2 - 3 alpha-helices from each side, thus a classical Rossmannfold motif for nucleotide binding. The conservation of this element and an active site, often with an Asn-Ser-Tyr-Lys tetrad, provides a platform for enzymatic activities encompassing several EC classes, including oxidoreductases, epimerases and lyases. The common mechanism is an underlying hydride and proton transfer involving the nicotinamide and typically an active site tyrosine residue, whereas substrate specificity is determined by a variable C-terminal segment. Relationships exist with bacterial haloalcohol dehalogenases, which lack cofactor binding but have the active site architecture, emphasizing the versatility of the basic fold in also generating hydride transfer-independent lyases. The conserved fold and nucleotide binding emphasize the role of SDRs as scaffolds for an NAD(P)(H) redox sensor system, of importance to control metabolic routes, transcription and signalling. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T20:37:08Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:330452c0-d69d-4f2a-8c0a-40e38a10a1b7 |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T20:37:08Z |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:330452c0-d69d-4f2a-8c0a-40e38a10a1b72022-03-26T13:17:41ZMedium- and short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase gene and protein families : the SDR superfamily: functional and structural diversity within a family of metabolic and regulatory enzymes.Journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:330452c0-d69d-4f2a-8c0a-40e38a10a1b7Alcohol DehydrogenaseHumansMultigene FamilygeneticsOxidoreductasesAnimalsmetabolismProtein Structure, SecondarychemistryCatalytic DomainEnglishStructural Genomics Consortium2008Kavanagh, KJörnvall, HPersson, BOppermann, UShort-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDRs) constitute a large family of NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases, sharing sequence motifs and displaying similar mechanisms. SDR enzymes have critical roles in lipid, amino acid, carbohydrate, cofactor, hormone and xenobiotic metabolism as well as in redox sensor mechanisms. Sequence identities are low, and the most conserved feature is an alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta sheet flanked by 2 - 3 alpha-helices from each side, thus a classical Rossmannfold motif for nucleotide binding. The conservation of this element and an active site, often with an Asn-Ser-Tyr-Lys tetrad, provides a platform for enzymatic activities encompassing several EC classes, including oxidoreductases, epimerases and lyases. The common mechanism is an underlying hydride and proton transfer involving the nicotinamide and typically an active site tyrosine residue, whereas substrate specificity is determined by a variable C-terminal segment. Relationships exist with bacterial haloalcohol dehalogenases, which lack cofactor binding but have the active site architecture, emphasizing the versatility of the basic fold in also generating hydride transfer-independent lyases. The conserved fold and nucleotide binding emphasize the role of SDRs as scaffolds for an NAD(P)(H) redox sensor system, of importance to control metabolic routes, transcription and signalling. |
| spellingShingle | Alcohol Dehydrogenase Humans Multigene Family genetics Oxidoreductases Animals metabolism Protein Structure, Secondary chemistry Catalytic Domain Kavanagh, K Jörnvall, H Persson, B Oppermann, U Medium- and short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase gene and protein families : the SDR superfamily: functional and structural diversity within a family of metabolic and regulatory enzymes. |
| title | Medium- and short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase gene and protein families : the SDR superfamily: functional and structural diversity within a family of metabolic and regulatory enzymes. |
| title_full | Medium- and short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase gene and protein families : the SDR superfamily: functional and structural diversity within a family of metabolic and regulatory enzymes. |
| title_fullStr | Medium- and short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase gene and protein families : the SDR superfamily: functional and structural diversity within a family of metabolic and regulatory enzymes. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Medium- and short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase gene and protein families : the SDR superfamily: functional and structural diversity within a family of metabolic and regulatory enzymes. |
| title_short | Medium- and short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase gene and protein families : the SDR superfamily: functional and structural diversity within a family of metabolic and regulatory enzymes. |
| title_sort | medium and short chain dehydrogenase reductase gene and protein families the sdr superfamily functional and structural diversity within a family of metabolic and regulatory enzymes |
| topic | Alcohol Dehydrogenase Humans Multigene Family genetics Oxidoreductases Animals metabolism Protein Structure, Secondary chemistry Catalytic Domain |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kavanaghk mediumandshortchaindehydrogenasereductasegeneandproteinfamiliesthesdrsuperfamilyfunctionalandstructuraldiversitywithinafamilyofmetabolicandregulatoryenzymes AT jornvallh mediumandshortchaindehydrogenasereductasegeneandproteinfamiliesthesdrsuperfamilyfunctionalandstructuraldiversitywithinafamilyofmetabolicandregulatoryenzymes AT perssonb mediumandshortchaindehydrogenasereductasegeneandproteinfamiliesthesdrsuperfamilyfunctionalandstructuraldiversitywithinafamilyofmetabolicandregulatoryenzymes AT oppermannu mediumandshortchaindehydrogenasereductasegeneandproteinfamiliesthesdrsuperfamilyfunctionalandstructuraldiversitywithinafamilyofmetabolicandregulatoryenzymes |