Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and major adverse cardiovascular outcomes: a SMART-C collaborative meta-analysis
<p><strong>BACKGROUND: </strong>Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) consistently improve heart failure and kidney-related outcomes; however, effects on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) across different patient populations are less clear.</p>...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
American Heart Association
2024
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| _version_ | 1824458777631391744 |
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| author | Patel, SM Kang, YM Im, K Neuen, BL Anker, SD Bhatt, DL Butler, J Cherney, DZI Claggett, BL Fletcher, RA Herrington, WG Inzucchi, SE Jardine, MJ Mahaffey, KW McGuire, DK McMurray, JJV Neal, B Packer, M Perkovic, V Solomon, SD Staplin, N Vaduganathan, M Wanner, C Wheeler, DC Zannad, F Zhao, Y Heerspink, HJL Sabatine, MS Wiviott, SD |
| author_facet | Patel, SM Kang, YM Im, K Neuen, BL Anker, SD Bhatt, DL Butler, J Cherney, DZI Claggett, BL Fletcher, RA Herrington, WG Inzucchi, SE Jardine, MJ Mahaffey, KW McGuire, DK McMurray, JJV Neal, B Packer, M Perkovic, V Solomon, SD Staplin, N Vaduganathan, M Wanner, C Wheeler, DC Zannad, F Zhao, Y Heerspink, HJL Sabatine, MS Wiviott, SD |
| author_sort | Patel, SM |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | <p><strong>BACKGROUND: </strong>Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) consistently improve heart failure and kidney-related outcomes; however, effects on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) across different patient populations are less clear.</p>
<p><strong>METHODS: </strong>This was a collaborative trial-level meta-analysis from the SGLT2i Meta-analysis Cardio-Renal Trialists Consortium, which includes all phase 3, placebo-controlled, outcomes trials of SGLT2i across 3 patient populations (patients with diabetes at high risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, heart failure [HF], or chronic kidney disease). The outcomes of interest were MACE (composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke), individual components of MACE (inclusive of fatal and nonfatal events), all-cause mortality, and death subtypes. Effect estimates for SGLT2i versus placebo were meta-analyzed across trials and examined across key subgroups (established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, previous myocardial infarction, diabetes, previous HF, albuminuria, chronic kidney disease stages, and risk groups).</p>
<p><strong>RESULTS: </strong>A total of 78 607 patients across 11 trials were included: 42 568 (54.2%), 20 725 (26.4%), and 15 314 (19.5%) were included from trials of patients with diabetes at high risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, HF, or chronic kidney disease, respectively. SGLT2i reduced the rate of MACE by 9% (hazard ration [HR], 0.91 [95% CI, 0.87–0.96], <em>P</em><0.0001) with a consistent effect across all 3 patient populations (<em>I</em><sup>2</sup>=0%) and across all key subgroups. This effect was primarily driven by a reduction in cardiovascular death (HR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.81–0.92], <em>P</em><0.0001), with no significant effect for myocardial infarction in the overall population (HR, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.87–1.04], <em>P</em>=0.29), and no effect on stroke (HR, 0.99 [95% CI, 0.91–1.07], <em>P</em>=0.77). The benefit for cardiovascular death was driven primarily by reductions in HF death and sudden cardiac death (HR, 0.68 [95% CI, 0.46–1.02] and HR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.78–0.95], respectively) and was generally consistent across subgroups, with the possible exception of being more apparent in those with albuminuria (<em>P</em><sub>interaction</sub>=0.02).</p>
<p><strong>CONCLUSIONS: </strong>SGLT2i reduce the risk of MACE across a broad range of patients irrespective of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, diabetes, kidney function, or other major clinical characteristics at baseline. This effect is driven primarily by a reduction of cardiovascular death, particularly HF death and sudden cardiac death, without a significant effect on myocardial infarction in the overall population, and no effect on stroke. These data may help inform selection for SGLT2i therapies across the spectrum of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic disease.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2025-02-19T04:31:17Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:341ed597-5318-4cf6-868b-e57b4f1ed5c6 |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-02-19T04:31:17Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | American Heart Association |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:341ed597-5318-4cf6-868b-e57b4f1ed5c62025-01-09T13:46:39ZSodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and major adverse cardiovascular outcomes: a SMART-C collaborative meta-analysisJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:341ed597-5318-4cf6-868b-e57b4f1ed5c6EnglishSymplectic ElementsAmerican Heart Association2024Patel, SMKang, YMIm, KNeuen, BLAnker, SDBhatt, DLButler, JCherney, DZIClaggett, BLFletcher, RAHerrington, WGInzucchi, SEJardine, MJMahaffey, KWMcGuire, DKMcMurray, JJVNeal, BPacker, MPerkovic, VSolomon, SDStaplin, NVaduganathan, MWanner, CWheeler, DCZannad, FZhao, YHeerspink, HJLSabatine, MSWiviott, SD<p><strong>BACKGROUND: </strong>Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) consistently improve heart failure and kidney-related outcomes; however, effects on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) across different patient populations are less clear.</p> <p><strong>METHODS: </strong>This was a collaborative trial-level meta-analysis from the SGLT2i Meta-analysis Cardio-Renal Trialists Consortium, which includes all phase 3, placebo-controlled, outcomes trials of SGLT2i across 3 patient populations (patients with diabetes at high risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, heart failure [HF], or chronic kidney disease). The outcomes of interest were MACE (composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke), individual components of MACE (inclusive of fatal and nonfatal events), all-cause mortality, and death subtypes. Effect estimates for SGLT2i versus placebo were meta-analyzed across trials and examined across key subgroups (established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, previous myocardial infarction, diabetes, previous HF, albuminuria, chronic kidney disease stages, and risk groups).</p> <p><strong>RESULTS: </strong>A total of 78 607 patients across 11 trials were included: 42 568 (54.2%), 20 725 (26.4%), and 15 314 (19.5%) were included from trials of patients with diabetes at high risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, HF, or chronic kidney disease, respectively. SGLT2i reduced the rate of MACE by 9% (hazard ration [HR], 0.91 [95% CI, 0.87–0.96], <em>P</em><0.0001) with a consistent effect across all 3 patient populations (<em>I</em><sup>2</sup>=0%) and across all key subgroups. This effect was primarily driven by a reduction in cardiovascular death (HR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.81–0.92], <em>P</em><0.0001), with no significant effect for myocardial infarction in the overall population (HR, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.87–1.04], <em>P</em>=0.29), and no effect on stroke (HR, 0.99 [95% CI, 0.91–1.07], <em>P</em>=0.77). The benefit for cardiovascular death was driven primarily by reductions in HF death and sudden cardiac death (HR, 0.68 [95% CI, 0.46–1.02] and HR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.78–0.95], respectively) and was generally consistent across subgroups, with the possible exception of being more apparent in those with albuminuria (<em>P</em><sub>interaction</sub>=0.02).</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSIONS: </strong>SGLT2i reduce the risk of MACE across a broad range of patients irrespective of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, diabetes, kidney function, or other major clinical characteristics at baseline. This effect is driven primarily by a reduction of cardiovascular death, particularly HF death and sudden cardiac death, without a significant effect on myocardial infarction in the overall population, and no effect on stroke. These data may help inform selection for SGLT2i therapies across the spectrum of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic disease.</p> |
| spellingShingle | Patel, SM Kang, YM Im, K Neuen, BL Anker, SD Bhatt, DL Butler, J Cherney, DZI Claggett, BL Fletcher, RA Herrington, WG Inzucchi, SE Jardine, MJ Mahaffey, KW McGuire, DK McMurray, JJV Neal, B Packer, M Perkovic, V Solomon, SD Staplin, N Vaduganathan, M Wanner, C Wheeler, DC Zannad, F Zhao, Y Heerspink, HJL Sabatine, MS Wiviott, SD Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and major adverse cardiovascular outcomes: a SMART-C collaborative meta-analysis |
| title | Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and major adverse cardiovascular outcomes: a SMART-C collaborative meta-analysis |
| title_full | Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and major adverse cardiovascular outcomes: a SMART-C collaborative meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and major adverse cardiovascular outcomes: a SMART-C collaborative meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and major adverse cardiovascular outcomes: a SMART-C collaborative meta-analysis |
| title_short | Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and major adverse cardiovascular outcomes: a SMART-C collaborative meta-analysis |
| title_sort | sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and major adverse cardiovascular outcomes a smart c collaborative meta analysis |
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