Grip strength is associated with cognitive performance in schizophrenia and the general population: A UK Biobank Study of 476559 participants
<strong>Background</strong> Handgrip strength may provide an easily-administered marker of cognitive functional status. However, further population-scale research examining relationships between grip strength and cognitive performance across multiple domains is needed. Additionally, rela...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Oxford University Press
2018
|
| _version_ | 1797063753044328448 |
|---|---|
| author | Firth, J Stubbs, B Vancampfort, D Firth, J Large, M Rosenbaum, S Hallgren, M Ward, P Sarris, J Yung, A |
| author_facet | Firth, J Stubbs, B Vancampfort, D Firth, J Large, M Rosenbaum, S Hallgren, M Ward, P Sarris, J Yung, A |
| author_sort | Firth, J |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | <strong>Background</strong> Handgrip strength may provide an easily-administered marker of cognitive functional status. However, further population-scale research examining relationships between grip strength and cognitive performance across multiple domains is needed. Additionally, relationships between grip strength and cognitive functioning in people with schizophrenia, who frequently experience cognitive deficits, has yet to be explored. <strong>Methods</strong> Baseline data from the UK Biobank (2007–2010) was analyzed; including 475397 individuals from the general population, and 1162 individuals with schizophrenia. Linear mixed models and generalized linear mixed models were used to assess the relationship between grip strength and 5 cognitive domains (visual memory, reaction time, reasoning, prospective memory, and number memory), controlling for age, gender, bodyweight, education, and geographical region. <strong>Results</strong> In the general population, maximal grip strength was positively and significantly related to visual memory (coefficient [coeff] = −0.1601, standard error [SE] = 0.003), reaction time (coeff = −0.0346, SE = 0.0004), reasoning (coeff = 0.2304, SE = 0.0079), number memory (coeff = 0.1616, SE = 0.0092), and prospective memory (coeff = 0.3486, SE = 0.0092: all P < .001). In the schizophrenia sample, grip strength was strongly related to visual memory (coeff = −0.155, SE = 0.042, P < .001) and reaction time (coeff = −0.049, SE = 0.009, P < .001), while prospective memory approached statistical significance (coeff = 0.233, SE = 0.132, P = .078), and no statistically significant association was found with number memory and reasoning (P > .1). <strong>Conclusions</strong> Grip strength is significantly associated with cognitive functioning in the general population and individuals with schizophrenia, particularly for working memory and processing speed. Future research should establish directionality, examine if grip strength also predicts functional and physical health outcomes in schizophrenia, and determine whether interventions which improve muscular strength impact on cognitive and real-world functioning. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T21:04:25Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:3bf68003-cc27-4928-8453-fce569c0dfeb |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T21:04:25Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | Oxford University Press |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:3bf68003-cc27-4928-8453-fce569c0dfeb2022-03-26T14:10:56ZGrip strength is associated with cognitive performance in schizophrenia and the general population: A UK Biobank Study of 476559 participantsJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:3bf68003-cc27-4928-8453-fce569c0dfebEnglishSymplectic Elements at OxfordOxford University Press2018Firth, JStubbs, BVancampfort, DFirth, JLarge, MRosenbaum, SHallgren, MWard, PSarris, JYung, A<strong>Background</strong> Handgrip strength may provide an easily-administered marker of cognitive functional status. However, further population-scale research examining relationships between grip strength and cognitive performance across multiple domains is needed. Additionally, relationships between grip strength and cognitive functioning in people with schizophrenia, who frequently experience cognitive deficits, has yet to be explored. <strong>Methods</strong> Baseline data from the UK Biobank (2007–2010) was analyzed; including 475397 individuals from the general population, and 1162 individuals with schizophrenia. Linear mixed models and generalized linear mixed models were used to assess the relationship between grip strength and 5 cognitive domains (visual memory, reaction time, reasoning, prospective memory, and number memory), controlling for age, gender, bodyweight, education, and geographical region. <strong>Results</strong> In the general population, maximal grip strength was positively and significantly related to visual memory (coefficient [coeff] = −0.1601, standard error [SE] = 0.003), reaction time (coeff = −0.0346, SE = 0.0004), reasoning (coeff = 0.2304, SE = 0.0079), number memory (coeff = 0.1616, SE = 0.0092), and prospective memory (coeff = 0.3486, SE = 0.0092: all P < .001). In the schizophrenia sample, grip strength was strongly related to visual memory (coeff = −0.155, SE = 0.042, P < .001) and reaction time (coeff = −0.049, SE = 0.009, P < .001), while prospective memory approached statistical significance (coeff = 0.233, SE = 0.132, P = .078), and no statistically significant association was found with number memory and reasoning (P > .1). <strong>Conclusions</strong> Grip strength is significantly associated with cognitive functioning in the general population and individuals with schizophrenia, particularly for working memory and processing speed. Future research should establish directionality, examine if grip strength also predicts functional and physical health outcomes in schizophrenia, and determine whether interventions which improve muscular strength impact on cognitive and real-world functioning. |
| spellingShingle | Firth, J Stubbs, B Vancampfort, D Firth, J Large, M Rosenbaum, S Hallgren, M Ward, P Sarris, J Yung, A Grip strength is associated with cognitive performance in schizophrenia and the general population: A UK Biobank Study of 476559 participants |
| title | Grip strength is associated with cognitive performance in schizophrenia and the general population: A UK Biobank Study of 476559 participants |
| title_full | Grip strength is associated with cognitive performance in schizophrenia and the general population: A UK Biobank Study of 476559 participants |
| title_fullStr | Grip strength is associated with cognitive performance in schizophrenia and the general population: A UK Biobank Study of 476559 participants |
| title_full_unstemmed | Grip strength is associated with cognitive performance in schizophrenia and the general population: A UK Biobank Study of 476559 participants |
| title_short | Grip strength is associated with cognitive performance in schizophrenia and the general population: A UK Biobank Study of 476559 participants |
| title_sort | grip strength is associated with cognitive performance in schizophrenia and the general population a uk biobank study of 476559 participants |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT firthj gripstrengthisassociatedwithcognitiveperformanceinschizophreniaandthegeneralpopulationaukbiobankstudyof476559participants AT stubbsb gripstrengthisassociatedwithcognitiveperformanceinschizophreniaandthegeneralpopulationaukbiobankstudyof476559participants AT vancampfortd gripstrengthisassociatedwithcognitiveperformanceinschizophreniaandthegeneralpopulationaukbiobankstudyof476559participants AT firthj gripstrengthisassociatedwithcognitiveperformanceinschizophreniaandthegeneralpopulationaukbiobankstudyof476559participants AT largem gripstrengthisassociatedwithcognitiveperformanceinschizophreniaandthegeneralpopulationaukbiobankstudyof476559participants AT rosenbaums gripstrengthisassociatedwithcognitiveperformanceinschizophreniaandthegeneralpopulationaukbiobankstudyof476559participants AT hallgrenm gripstrengthisassociatedwithcognitiveperformanceinschizophreniaandthegeneralpopulationaukbiobankstudyof476559participants AT wardp gripstrengthisassociatedwithcognitiveperformanceinschizophreniaandthegeneralpopulationaukbiobankstudyof476559participants AT sarrisj gripstrengthisassociatedwithcognitiveperformanceinschizophreniaandthegeneralpopulationaukbiobankstudyof476559participants AT yunga gripstrengthisassociatedwithcognitiveperformanceinschizophreniaandthegeneralpopulationaukbiobankstudyof476559participants |