Distinct alterations in probabilistic reversal learning across at-risk mental state, first episode psychosis and persistent schizophrenia
We used a probabilistic reversal learning task to examine prediction error-driven belief updating in three clinical groups with psychosis or psychosis-like symptoms. Study 1 compared people with at-risk mental state and first episode psychosis (FEP) to matched controls. Study 2 compared people diagn...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Journal article |
Language: | English |
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Nature Research
2024
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_version_ | 1811140329352462336 |
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author | Griffin, JD Diederen, KMJ Haarsma, J Jarratt Barnham, IC Cook, BRH Fernandez-Egea, E Williamson, S van Sprang, ED Gaillard, R Vinckier, F Goodyer, IM Murray, GK Fletcher, PC |
author_facet | Griffin, JD Diederen, KMJ Haarsma, J Jarratt Barnham, IC Cook, BRH Fernandez-Egea, E Williamson, S van Sprang, ED Gaillard, R Vinckier, F Goodyer, IM Murray, GK Fletcher, PC |
author_sort | Griffin, JD |
collection | OXFORD |
description | We used a probabilistic reversal learning task to examine prediction error-driven belief updating in three clinical groups with psychosis or psychosis-like symptoms. Study 1 compared people with at-risk mental state and first episode psychosis (FEP) to matched controls. Study 2 compared people diagnosed with treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) to matched controls. The design replicated our previous work showing ketamine-related perturbations in how meta-level confidence maintained behavioural policy. We applied the same computational modelling analysis here, in order to compare the pharmacological model to three groups at different stages of psychosis. Accuracy was reduced in FEP, reflecting increased tendencies to shift strategy following probabilistic errors. The TRS group also showed a greater tendency to shift choice strategies though accuracy levels were not significantly reduced. Applying the previously-used computational modelling approach, we observed that only the TRS group showed altered confidence-based modulation of responding, previously observed under ketamine administration. Overall, our behavioural findings demonstrated resemblance between clinical groups (FEP and TRS) and ketamine in terms of a reduction in stabilisation of responding in a noisy environment. The computational analysis suggested that TRS, but not FEP, replicates ketamine effects but we consider the computational findings preliminary given limitations in performance of the model. |
first_indexed | 2024-09-25T04:20:15Z |
format | Journal article |
id | oxford-uuid:4122b9d8-1c68-45a2-ae5c-104cd827c62b |
institution | University of Oxford |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-09-25T04:20:15Z |
publishDate | 2024 |
publisher | Nature Research |
record_format | dspace |
spelling | oxford-uuid:4122b9d8-1c68-45a2-ae5c-104cd827c62b2024-08-08T19:33:53ZDistinct alterations in probabilistic reversal learning across at-risk mental state, first episode psychosis and persistent schizophreniaJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:4122b9d8-1c68-45a2-ae5c-104cd827c62bEnglishJisc Publications RouterNature Research2024Griffin, JDDiederen, KMJHaarsma, JJarratt Barnham, ICCook, BRHFernandez-Egea, EWilliamson, Svan Sprang, EDGaillard, RVinckier, FGoodyer, IMMurray, GKFletcher, PCWe used a probabilistic reversal learning task to examine prediction error-driven belief updating in three clinical groups with psychosis or psychosis-like symptoms. Study 1 compared people with at-risk mental state and first episode psychosis (FEP) to matched controls. Study 2 compared people diagnosed with treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) to matched controls. The design replicated our previous work showing ketamine-related perturbations in how meta-level confidence maintained behavioural policy. We applied the same computational modelling analysis here, in order to compare the pharmacological model to three groups at different stages of psychosis. Accuracy was reduced in FEP, reflecting increased tendencies to shift strategy following probabilistic errors. The TRS group also showed a greater tendency to shift choice strategies though accuracy levels were not significantly reduced. Applying the previously-used computational modelling approach, we observed that only the TRS group showed altered confidence-based modulation of responding, previously observed under ketamine administration. Overall, our behavioural findings demonstrated resemblance between clinical groups (FEP and TRS) and ketamine in terms of a reduction in stabilisation of responding in a noisy environment. The computational analysis suggested that TRS, but not FEP, replicates ketamine effects but we consider the computational findings preliminary given limitations in performance of the model. |
spellingShingle | Griffin, JD Diederen, KMJ Haarsma, J Jarratt Barnham, IC Cook, BRH Fernandez-Egea, E Williamson, S van Sprang, ED Gaillard, R Vinckier, F Goodyer, IM Murray, GK Fletcher, PC Distinct alterations in probabilistic reversal learning across at-risk mental state, first episode psychosis and persistent schizophrenia |
title | Distinct alterations in probabilistic reversal learning across at-risk mental state, first episode psychosis and persistent schizophrenia |
title_full | Distinct alterations in probabilistic reversal learning across at-risk mental state, first episode psychosis and persistent schizophrenia |
title_fullStr | Distinct alterations in probabilistic reversal learning across at-risk mental state, first episode psychosis and persistent schizophrenia |
title_full_unstemmed | Distinct alterations in probabilistic reversal learning across at-risk mental state, first episode psychosis and persistent schizophrenia |
title_short | Distinct alterations in probabilistic reversal learning across at-risk mental state, first episode psychosis and persistent schizophrenia |
title_sort | distinct alterations in probabilistic reversal learning across at risk mental state first episode psychosis and persistent schizophrenia |
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