SN 2009md: another faint supernova from a low-mass progenitor
We present adaptive optics imaging of the core-collapse supernova (SN) 2009md, which we use together with archival Hubble Space Telescope data to identify a coincident progenitor candidate. We find the progenitor to have an absolute magnitude of V=-4.63+0.3-0.4mag and a colour of V-I= 2.29+0.25-0.39...
| Päätekijät: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Aineistotyyppi: | Journal article |
| Kieli: | English |
| Julkaistu: |
2011
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| _version_ | 1826269125440176128 |
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| author | Fraser, M Ergon, M Eldridge, J Valenti, S Pastorello, A Sollerman, J Smartt, S Agnoletto, I Arcavi, I Benetti, S Botticella, M Bufano, F Campillay, A Crockett, R Gal-Yam, A Kankare, E Leloudas, G Maguire, K Mattila, S Maund, JR Salgado, F Stephens, A Taubenberger, S Turatto, M |
| author_facet | Fraser, M Ergon, M Eldridge, J Valenti, S Pastorello, A Sollerman, J Smartt, S Agnoletto, I Arcavi, I Benetti, S Botticella, M Bufano, F Campillay, A Crockett, R Gal-Yam, A Kankare, E Leloudas, G Maguire, K Mattila, S Maund, JR Salgado, F Stephens, A Taubenberger, S Turatto, M |
| author_sort | Fraser, M |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | We present adaptive optics imaging of the core-collapse supernova (SN) 2009md, which we use together with archival Hubble Space Telescope data to identify a coincident progenitor candidate. We find the progenitor to have an absolute magnitude of V=-4.63+0.3-0.4mag and a colour of V-I= 2.29+0.25-0.39mag, corresponding to a progenitor luminosity of log L/L⊙~ 4.54 ± 0.19 dex. Using the stellar evolution code STARS, we find this to be consistent with a red supergiant progenitor with M= 8.5+6.5-1.5 M⊙. The photometric and spectroscopic evolution of SN 2009md is similar to that of the class of sub-luminous Type IIP SNe; in this paper we compare the evolution of SN 2009md primarily to that of the sub-luminous SN 2005cs. We estimate the mass of 56Ni ejected in the explosion to be (5.4 ± 1.3) × 10-3 M⊙ from the luminosity on the radioactive tail, which is in agreement with the low 56Ni masses estimated for other sub-luminous Type IIP SNe. From the light curve and spectra, we show the SN explosion had a lower energy and ejecta mass than the normal Type IIP SN 1999em. We discuss problems with stellar evolutionary models, and the discrepancy between low observed progenitor luminosities (log L/L⊙~4.3-5 dex) and model luminosities after the second dredge-up for stars in this mass range, and consider an enhanced carbon burning rate as a possible solution. In conclusion, SN 2009md is a faint SN arising from the collapse of a progenitor close to the lower mass limit for core collapse. This is now the third discovery of a low-mass progenitor star producing a low-energy explosion and low 56Ni ejected mass, which indicates that such events arise from the lowest end of the mass range that produces a core-collapse SN (7-8 M⊙). © 2011 The Authors. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society © 2011 RAS. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T21:20:09Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:4130645e-2a0c-48bd-8118-ed94ff8a523e |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T21:20:09Z |
| publishDate | 2011 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:4130645e-2a0c-48bd-8118-ed94ff8a523e2022-03-26T14:42:11ZSN 2009md: another faint supernova from a low-mass progenitorJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:4130645e-2a0c-48bd-8118-ed94ff8a523eEnglishSymplectic Elements at Oxford2011Fraser, MErgon, MEldridge, JValenti, SPastorello, ASollerman, JSmartt, SAgnoletto, IArcavi, IBenetti, SBotticella, MBufano, FCampillay, ACrockett, RGal-Yam, AKankare, ELeloudas, GMaguire, KMattila, SMaund, JRSalgado, FStephens, ATaubenberger, STuratto, MWe present adaptive optics imaging of the core-collapse supernova (SN) 2009md, which we use together with archival Hubble Space Telescope data to identify a coincident progenitor candidate. We find the progenitor to have an absolute magnitude of V=-4.63+0.3-0.4mag and a colour of V-I= 2.29+0.25-0.39mag, corresponding to a progenitor luminosity of log L/L⊙~ 4.54 ± 0.19 dex. Using the stellar evolution code STARS, we find this to be consistent with a red supergiant progenitor with M= 8.5+6.5-1.5 M⊙. The photometric and spectroscopic evolution of SN 2009md is similar to that of the class of sub-luminous Type IIP SNe; in this paper we compare the evolution of SN 2009md primarily to that of the sub-luminous SN 2005cs. We estimate the mass of 56Ni ejected in the explosion to be (5.4 ± 1.3) × 10-3 M⊙ from the luminosity on the radioactive tail, which is in agreement with the low 56Ni masses estimated for other sub-luminous Type IIP SNe. From the light curve and spectra, we show the SN explosion had a lower energy and ejecta mass than the normal Type IIP SN 1999em. We discuss problems with stellar evolutionary models, and the discrepancy between low observed progenitor luminosities (log L/L⊙~4.3-5 dex) and model luminosities after the second dredge-up for stars in this mass range, and consider an enhanced carbon burning rate as a possible solution. In conclusion, SN 2009md is a faint SN arising from the collapse of a progenitor close to the lower mass limit for core collapse. This is now the third discovery of a low-mass progenitor star producing a low-energy explosion and low 56Ni ejected mass, which indicates that such events arise from the lowest end of the mass range that produces a core-collapse SN (7-8 M⊙). © 2011 The Authors. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society © 2011 RAS. |
| spellingShingle | Fraser, M Ergon, M Eldridge, J Valenti, S Pastorello, A Sollerman, J Smartt, S Agnoletto, I Arcavi, I Benetti, S Botticella, M Bufano, F Campillay, A Crockett, R Gal-Yam, A Kankare, E Leloudas, G Maguire, K Mattila, S Maund, JR Salgado, F Stephens, A Taubenberger, S Turatto, M SN 2009md: another faint supernova from a low-mass progenitor |
| title | SN 2009md: another faint supernova from a low-mass progenitor |
| title_full | SN 2009md: another faint supernova from a low-mass progenitor |
| title_fullStr | SN 2009md: another faint supernova from a low-mass progenitor |
| title_full_unstemmed | SN 2009md: another faint supernova from a low-mass progenitor |
| title_short | SN 2009md: another faint supernova from a low-mass progenitor |
| title_sort | sn 2009md another faint supernova from a low mass progenitor |
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