Long-term enhancement of brain function and cognition using cognitive training and brain stimulation
Noninvasive brain stimulation has shown considerable promise for enhancing cognitive functions by the long-term manipulation of neuroplasticity [1-3]. However, the observation of such improvements has been focused at the behavioral level, and enhancements largely restricted to the performance of bas...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2013
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| _version_ | 1797067174126288896 |
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| author | Snowball, A Tachtsidis, I Popescu, T Thompson, J Delazer, M Zamarian, L Zhu, T Cohen Kadosh, R |
| author_facet | Snowball, A Tachtsidis, I Popescu, T Thompson, J Delazer, M Zamarian, L Zhu, T Cohen Kadosh, R |
| author_sort | Snowball, A |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | Noninvasive brain stimulation has shown considerable promise for enhancing cognitive functions by the long-term manipulation of neuroplasticity [1-3]. However, the observation of such improvements has been focused at the behavioral level, and enhancements largely restricted to the performance of basic tasks. Here, we investigate whether transcranial random noise stimulation (TRNS) can improve learning and subsequent performance on complex arithmetic tasks. TRNS of the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), a key area in arithmetic [4, 5], was uniquely coupled with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to measure online hemodynamic responses within the prefrontal cortex. Five consecutive days of TRNS-accompanied cognitive training enhanced the speed of both calculation- and memory-recall-based arithmetic learning. These behavioral improvements were associated with defined hemodynamic responses consistent with more efficient neurovascular coupling within the left DLPFC. Testing 6 months after training revealed long-lasting behavioral and physiological modifications in the stimulated group relative to sham controls for trained and nontrained calculation material. These results demonstrate that, depending on the learning regime, TRNS can induce long-term enhancement of cognitive and brain functions. Such findings have significant implications for basic and translational neuroscience, highlighting TRNS as a viable approach to enhancing learning and high-level cognition by the long-term modulation of neuroplasticity. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T21:52:35Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:4bcf6c4c-11fd-4daa-925f-0887290b498a |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T21:52:35Z |
| publishDate | 2013 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:4bcf6c4c-11fd-4daa-925f-0887290b498a2022-03-26T15:45:44ZLong-term enhancement of brain function and cognition using cognitive training and brain stimulationJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:4bcf6c4c-11fd-4daa-925f-0887290b498aEnglishSymplectic Elements at Oxford2013Snowball, ATachtsidis, IPopescu, TThompson, JDelazer, MZamarian, LZhu, TCohen Kadosh, RNoninvasive brain stimulation has shown considerable promise for enhancing cognitive functions by the long-term manipulation of neuroplasticity [1-3]. However, the observation of such improvements has been focused at the behavioral level, and enhancements largely restricted to the performance of basic tasks. Here, we investigate whether transcranial random noise stimulation (TRNS) can improve learning and subsequent performance on complex arithmetic tasks. TRNS of the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), a key area in arithmetic [4, 5], was uniquely coupled with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to measure online hemodynamic responses within the prefrontal cortex. Five consecutive days of TRNS-accompanied cognitive training enhanced the speed of both calculation- and memory-recall-based arithmetic learning. These behavioral improvements were associated with defined hemodynamic responses consistent with more efficient neurovascular coupling within the left DLPFC. Testing 6 months after training revealed long-lasting behavioral and physiological modifications in the stimulated group relative to sham controls for trained and nontrained calculation material. These results demonstrate that, depending on the learning regime, TRNS can induce long-term enhancement of cognitive and brain functions. Such findings have significant implications for basic and translational neuroscience, highlighting TRNS as a viable approach to enhancing learning and high-level cognition by the long-term modulation of neuroplasticity. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. |
| spellingShingle | Snowball, A Tachtsidis, I Popescu, T Thompson, J Delazer, M Zamarian, L Zhu, T Cohen Kadosh, R Long-term enhancement of brain function and cognition using cognitive training and brain stimulation |
| title | Long-term enhancement of brain function and cognition using cognitive training and brain stimulation |
| title_full | Long-term enhancement of brain function and cognition using cognitive training and brain stimulation |
| title_fullStr | Long-term enhancement of brain function and cognition using cognitive training and brain stimulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Long-term enhancement of brain function and cognition using cognitive training and brain stimulation |
| title_short | Long-term enhancement of brain function and cognition using cognitive training and brain stimulation |
| title_sort | long term enhancement of brain function and cognition using cognitive training and brain stimulation |
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