Prevalence and risk factors of psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: findings from the ELSA-Brasil COVID-19 Mental Health Cohort
<p><strong>Background:</strong> There is mixed evidence on increasing rates of psychiatric disorders and symptoms during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020. We evaluated pandemic-related psychopathology and psychiatry diagnoses and their determinants in the Br...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Cambridge University Press
2021
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| _version_ | 1826309573038833664 |
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| author | Brunoni, AR Suen, PJC Bacchi, PS Razza, LB Santos, L Santos, I Valiengo, L Gallucci-Neto, J Moreno, M Felix, L de Sousa, J Viana, M Forte, P Cardoso, M Bittencourt, M Pelosof, R de Siqueria, L Fatori, D Bellini, H Bueno, P Passos, I Nunes, M Salum, G Bauermeister, S Smoller, J Lotufo, P Bensenor, IM |
| author_facet | Brunoni, AR Suen, PJC Bacchi, PS Razza, LB Santos, L Santos, I Valiengo, L Gallucci-Neto, J Moreno, M Felix, L de Sousa, J Viana, M Forte, P Cardoso, M Bittencourt, M Pelosof, R de Siqueria, L Fatori, D Bellini, H Bueno, P Passos, I Nunes, M Salum, G Bauermeister, S Smoller, J Lotufo, P Bensenor, IM |
| author_sort | Brunoni, AR |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | <p><strong>Background:</strong> There is mixed evidence on increasing rates of psychiatric disorders and symptoms during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020. We evaluated pandemic-related psychopathology and psychiatry diagnoses and their determinants in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Health (ELSA-Brasil) São Paulo Research Center.</p>
<p><strong>Methods:</strong> Between pre-pandemic ELSA-Brasil assessments in 2008–2010 (wave-1), 2012–2014 (wave-2), 2016–2018 (wave-3) and three pandemic assessments in 2020 (COVID-19 waves in May–July, July–September, and October–December), rates of common psychiatric symptoms, and depressive, anxiety, and common mental disorders (CMDs) were compared using the Clinical Interview Scheduled-Revised (CIS-R) and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). Multivariable generalized linear models, adjusted by age, gender, educational level, and ethnicity identified variables associated with an elevated risk for mental disorders.</p>
<p><strong>Results:</strong> In 2117 participants (mean age 62.3 years, 58.2% females), rates of CMDs and depressive disorders did not significantly change over time, oscillating from 23.5% to 21.1%, and 3.3% to 2.8%, respectively; whereas rate of anxiety disorders significantly decreased (2008–2010: 13.8%; 2016–2018: 9.8%; 2020: 8%). There was a decrease along three wave-COVID assessments for depression [β = −0.37, 99.5% confidence interval (CI) −0.50 to −0.23], anxiety (β = −0.37, 99.5% CI −0.48 to −0.26), and stress (β = −0.48, 99.5% CI −0.64 to −0.33) symptoms (all ps < 0.001). Younger age, female sex, lower educational level, non-white ethnicity, and previous psychiatric disorders were associated with increased odds for psychiatric disorders, whereas self-evaluated good health and good quality of relationships with decreased risk.</p>
<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> No consistent evidence of pandemic-related worsening psychopathology in our cohort was found. Indeed, psychiatric symptoms slightly decreased along 2020. Risk factors representing socioeconomic disadvantages were associated with increased odds of psychiatric disorders.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T07:37:48Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:4fc4639f-b925-4db7-9c1c-6689611f28ce |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T07:37:48Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:4fc4639f-b925-4db7-9c1c-6689611f28ce2023-03-21T10:15:37ZPrevalence and risk factors of psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: findings from the ELSA-Brasil COVID-19 Mental Health CohortJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:4fc4639f-b925-4db7-9c1c-6689611f28ceEnglishSymplectic ElementsCambridge University Press2021Brunoni, ARSuen, PJCBacchi, PSRazza, LBSantos, LSantos, IValiengo, LGallucci-Neto, JMoreno, MFelix, Lde Sousa, JViana, MForte, PCardoso, MBittencourt, MPelosof, Rde Siqueria, LFatori, DBellini, HBueno, PPassos, INunes, MSalum, GBauermeister, SSmoller, JLotufo, PBensenor, IM<p><strong>Background:</strong> There is mixed evidence on increasing rates of psychiatric disorders and symptoms during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020. We evaluated pandemic-related psychopathology and psychiatry diagnoses and their determinants in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Health (ELSA-Brasil) São Paulo Research Center.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> Between pre-pandemic ELSA-Brasil assessments in 2008–2010 (wave-1), 2012–2014 (wave-2), 2016–2018 (wave-3) and three pandemic assessments in 2020 (COVID-19 waves in May–July, July–September, and October–December), rates of common psychiatric symptoms, and depressive, anxiety, and common mental disorders (CMDs) were compared using the Clinical Interview Scheduled-Revised (CIS-R) and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). Multivariable generalized linear models, adjusted by age, gender, educational level, and ethnicity identified variables associated with an elevated risk for mental disorders.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> In 2117 participants (mean age 62.3 years, 58.2% females), rates of CMDs and depressive disorders did not significantly change over time, oscillating from 23.5% to 21.1%, and 3.3% to 2.8%, respectively; whereas rate of anxiety disorders significantly decreased (2008–2010: 13.8%; 2016–2018: 9.8%; 2020: 8%). There was a decrease along three wave-COVID assessments for depression [β = −0.37, 99.5% confidence interval (CI) −0.50 to −0.23], anxiety (β = −0.37, 99.5% CI −0.48 to −0.26), and stress (β = −0.48, 99.5% CI −0.64 to −0.33) symptoms (all ps < 0.001). Younger age, female sex, lower educational level, non-white ethnicity, and previous psychiatric disorders were associated with increased odds for psychiatric disorders, whereas self-evaluated good health and good quality of relationships with decreased risk.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> No consistent evidence of pandemic-related worsening psychopathology in our cohort was found. Indeed, psychiatric symptoms slightly decreased along 2020. Risk factors representing socioeconomic disadvantages were associated with increased odds of psychiatric disorders.</p> |
| spellingShingle | Brunoni, AR Suen, PJC Bacchi, PS Razza, LB Santos, L Santos, I Valiengo, L Gallucci-Neto, J Moreno, M Felix, L de Sousa, J Viana, M Forte, P Cardoso, M Bittencourt, M Pelosof, R de Siqueria, L Fatori, D Bellini, H Bueno, P Passos, I Nunes, M Salum, G Bauermeister, S Smoller, J Lotufo, P Bensenor, IM Prevalence and risk factors of psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: findings from the ELSA-Brasil COVID-19 Mental Health Cohort |
| title | Prevalence and risk factors of psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: findings from the ELSA-Brasil COVID-19 Mental Health Cohort |
| title_full | Prevalence and risk factors of psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: findings from the ELSA-Brasil COVID-19 Mental Health Cohort |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence and risk factors of psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: findings from the ELSA-Brasil COVID-19 Mental Health Cohort |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence and risk factors of psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: findings from the ELSA-Brasil COVID-19 Mental Health Cohort |
| title_short | Prevalence and risk factors of psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: findings from the ELSA-Brasil COVID-19 Mental Health Cohort |
| title_sort | prevalence and risk factors of psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses before and during the covid 19 pandemic findings from the elsa brasil covid 19 mental health cohort |
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