Exponential asymptotics using numerical rational approximation in linear differential equations
Singularly perturbed ordinary differential equations often exhibit Stokes’ phenomenon, which describes the appearance and disappearance of oscillating exponentially small terms across curves in the complex plane known as Stokes lines. These curves originate at singular points in the leading-order so...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
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Cambridge University Press
2024
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| _version_ | 1817931321398263808 |
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| author | Lustri, CJ Crew, S Chapman, SJ |
| author_facet | Lustri, CJ Crew, S Chapman, SJ |
| author_sort | Lustri, CJ |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | Singularly perturbed ordinary differential equations often exhibit Stokes’ phenomenon, which describes the appearance and disappearance of oscillating exponentially small terms across curves in the complex plane known as Stokes lines. These curves originate at singular points in the leading-order solution to the differential equation. In many important problems, it is impossible to obtain a closed-form expression for these leading-order solutions, and it is therefore challenging to locate these singular points. We present evidence that the analytic leading-order solution of a linear differential equation can be replaced with a numerical rational approximation using the adaptive Antoulas–Anderson (AAA) method. Despite such an approximation having completely different singularity types and locations, we show that the subsequent exponential asymptotic analysis accurately predicts the exponentially small behaviour present in the solution. For sufficiently small values of the asymptotic parameter, this approach breaks down; however, the range of validity may be extended by increasing the number of poles in the rational approximation. We present a related nonlinear problem and discuss the challenges that arise due to nonlinear effects. Overall, our approach allows for the study of exponentially small asymptotic effects without requiring an exact analytic form for the leading-order solution; this permits exponential asymptotic methods to be used in a much wider range of applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-09T03:20:10Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:5093c937-b639-4944-937b-8ae58ff813e0 |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-09T03:20:10Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:5093c937-b639-4944-937b-8ae58ff813e02024-11-08T12:30:50ZExponential asymptotics using numerical rational approximation in linear differential equationsJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:5093c937-b639-4944-937b-8ae58ff813e0EnglishSymplectic ElementsCambridge University Press2024Lustri, CJCrew, SChapman, SJSingularly perturbed ordinary differential equations often exhibit Stokes’ phenomenon, which describes the appearance and disappearance of oscillating exponentially small terms across curves in the complex plane known as Stokes lines. These curves originate at singular points in the leading-order solution to the differential equation. In many important problems, it is impossible to obtain a closed-form expression for these leading-order solutions, and it is therefore challenging to locate these singular points. We present evidence that the analytic leading-order solution of a linear differential equation can be replaced with a numerical rational approximation using the adaptive Antoulas–Anderson (AAA) method. Despite such an approximation having completely different singularity types and locations, we show that the subsequent exponential asymptotic analysis accurately predicts the exponentially small behaviour present in the solution. For sufficiently small values of the asymptotic parameter, this approach breaks down; however, the range of validity may be extended by increasing the number of poles in the rational approximation. We present a related nonlinear problem and discuss the challenges that arise due to nonlinear effects. Overall, our approach allows for the study of exponentially small asymptotic effects without requiring an exact analytic form for the leading-order solution; this permits exponential asymptotic methods to be used in a much wider range of applications. |
| spellingShingle | Lustri, CJ Crew, S Chapman, SJ Exponential asymptotics using numerical rational approximation in linear differential equations |
| title | Exponential asymptotics using numerical rational approximation in linear differential equations |
| title_full | Exponential asymptotics using numerical rational approximation in linear differential equations |
| title_fullStr | Exponential asymptotics using numerical rational approximation in linear differential equations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exponential asymptotics using numerical rational approximation in linear differential equations |
| title_short | Exponential asymptotics using numerical rational approximation in linear differential equations |
| title_sort | exponential asymptotics using numerical rational approximation in linear differential equations |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lustricj exponentialasymptoticsusingnumericalrationalapproximationinlineardifferentialequations AT crews exponentialasymptoticsusingnumericalrationalapproximationinlineardifferentialequations AT chapmansj exponentialasymptoticsusingnumericalrationalapproximationinlineardifferentialequations |