| Streszczenie: | <p>Despite their name, there is clear theoretical evidence that black holes emit
radiation. The nature and spectrum of this radiation depends on many
features of the black hole and the emitted particles. With the profound
implications that black hole evaporation has on our understanding of the
marriage of quantum mechanics and general relativity, it is essential to
study the details of this radiation in new contexts.</p>
<p>In this thesis we examine certain important modifications to the spectrum of radiation from black holes that can occur. Firstly, we study the
case that the particles emitted by the black hole are spatially extended,
rather than pointlike, and find that the rate of emission is suppressed by
a factor which depends sensitively on the size of the particle. We then
study the emission of electrically charged particles from black holes from
a perspective that elucidates the physical picture of emission; namely, in
terms of tunnelling of particles both through the horizon and the external
electric field. We finally consider the cosmological consequences of modifying the mass-temperature relation of black holes by supposing that they
can radiate into higher dimensions. In particular, we argue that current
constraints on the density of black holes in the universe are evaded in
certain extra-dimensional theories, in which black holes are substantially
colder than their four-dimensional counterparts.</p>
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