Marine origin of retroviruses in the early Palaeozoic Era
Very little is known about the ancient origin of retroviruses, but owing to the discovery of their ancient endogenous viral counterparts, their early history is beginning to unfold. Here we report 36 lineages of basal amphibian and fish foamy-like endogenous retroviruses (FLERVs). Phylogenetic analy...
| প্রধান লেখক: | , |
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| বিন্যাস: | Journal article |
| প্রকাশিত: |
Nature Publishing Group
2017
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| _version_ | 1826274353095901184 |
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| author | Aiewsakun, P Katzourakis, A |
| author_facet | Aiewsakun, P Katzourakis, A |
| author_sort | Aiewsakun, P |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | Very little is known about the ancient origin of retroviruses, but owing to the discovery of their ancient endogenous viral counterparts, their early history is beginning to unfold. Here we report 36 lineages of basal amphibian and fish foamy-like endogenous retroviruses (FLERVs). Phylogenetic analyses reveal that ray-finned fish FLERVs exhibit an overall co-speciation pattern with their hosts, while amphibian FLERVs might not. We also observe several possible ancient viral cross-class transmissions, involving lobe-finned fish, shark and frog FLERVs. Sequence examination and analyses reveal two major lineages of ray-finned fish FLERVs, one of which had gained two novel accessory genes within their extraordinarily large genomes. Our phylogenetic analyses suggest that this major retroviral lineage, and therefore retroviruses as a whole, have an ancient marine origin and originated together with, if not before, their jawed vertebrate hosts >450 million years ago in the Ordovician period, early Palaeozoic Era. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T22:42:08Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:5bf0a50a-5d6c-4fbc-a76b-1b6ca28d09fc |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T22:42:08Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:5bf0a50a-5d6c-4fbc-a76b-1b6ca28d09fc2022-03-26T17:25:06ZMarine origin of retroviruses in the early Palaeozoic EraJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:5bf0a50a-5d6c-4fbc-a76b-1b6ca28d09fcSymplectic Elements at OxfordNature Publishing Group2017Aiewsakun, PKatzourakis, AVery little is known about the ancient origin of retroviruses, but owing to the discovery of their ancient endogenous viral counterparts, their early history is beginning to unfold. Here we report 36 lineages of basal amphibian and fish foamy-like endogenous retroviruses (FLERVs). Phylogenetic analyses reveal that ray-finned fish FLERVs exhibit an overall co-speciation pattern with their hosts, while amphibian FLERVs might not. We also observe several possible ancient viral cross-class transmissions, involving lobe-finned fish, shark and frog FLERVs. Sequence examination and analyses reveal two major lineages of ray-finned fish FLERVs, one of which had gained two novel accessory genes within their extraordinarily large genomes. Our phylogenetic analyses suggest that this major retroviral lineage, and therefore retroviruses as a whole, have an ancient marine origin and originated together with, if not before, their jawed vertebrate hosts >450 million years ago in the Ordovician period, early Palaeozoic Era. |
| spellingShingle | Aiewsakun, P Katzourakis, A Marine origin of retroviruses in the early Palaeozoic Era |
| title | Marine origin of retroviruses in the early Palaeozoic Era |
| title_full | Marine origin of retroviruses in the early Palaeozoic Era |
| title_fullStr | Marine origin of retroviruses in the early Palaeozoic Era |
| title_full_unstemmed | Marine origin of retroviruses in the early Palaeozoic Era |
| title_short | Marine origin of retroviruses in the early Palaeozoic Era |
| title_sort | marine origin of retroviruses in the early palaeozoic era |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT aiewsakunp marineoriginofretrovirusesintheearlypalaeozoicera AT katzourakisa marineoriginofretrovirusesintheearlypalaeozoicera |