Expression of immune responsive genes in cell lines from two different Anopheline species.
Malaria infection results in increased expression of immune responsive genes, including those encoding antimicrobial peptides such as Gambicin (Gam1) and Cecropin A (Cec1). Understanding how these genes are regulated will provide insights how the mosquito immune system is activated by Plasmodium. We...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2006
|
| _version_ | 1797071883424759808 |
|---|---|
| author | Luna, C Hoa, N Lin, H Zhang, L Nguyen, H Kanzok, S Zheng, L |
| author_facet | Luna, C Hoa, N Lin, H Zhang, L Nguyen, H Kanzok, S Zheng, L |
| author_sort | Luna, C |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | Malaria infection results in increased expression of immune responsive genes, including those encoding antimicrobial peptides such as Gambicin (Gam1) and Cecropin A (Cec1). Understanding how these genes are regulated will provide insights how the mosquito immune system is activated by Plasmodium. We previously have shown that Cec1 was primarily regulated by the Imd-Relish (REL2) pathway in the Anopheles gambiae Sua1B cell line. We show here that expression of Defensin A (Def1) and Gam1 was reduced after RNA interference against components of the Imd-REL2 pathway in An. gambiae cell lines. Interestingly, promoter reporters of these antimicrobial peptides were expressed at very low level in the cell line MSQ43 from Anopheles stephensi. Surprisingly, over-expression of either NF-kappaB transcription factor REL1 or REL2 alone is sufficient to induce the expression of Cec1, Gam1 and Def1. These results suggest that expression of these antimicrobial peptides (AMP) in vivo may be regulated by both the Toll and Imd pathways. We also show here for the first time that Tep4, a gene encoding a thioester containing protein, is regulated by REL2. Taken together, these results suggest that there are significant overlaps of genes regulated by the Toll-Rel1 and Imd-Rel2 pathways. Further, the different expression patterns in two different Anopheline cell lines provide a platform to identify other key positive and negative regulators of the antimicrobial peptide genes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T22:59:41Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:61a704d2-33b4-4972-955e-c3c5d9a32469 |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T22:59:41Z |
| publishDate | 2006 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:61a704d2-33b4-4972-955e-c3c5d9a324692022-03-26T18:01:26ZExpression of immune responsive genes in cell lines from two different Anopheline species.Journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:61a704d2-33b4-4972-955e-c3c5d9a32469EnglishSymplectic Elements at Oxford2006Luna, CHoa, NLin, HZhang, LNguyen, HKanzok, SZheng, LMalaria infection results in increased expression of immune responsive genes, including those encoding antimicrobial peptides such as Gambicin (Gam1) and Cecropin A (Cec1). Understanding how these genes are regulated will provide insights how the mosquito immune system is activated by Plasmodium. We previously have shown that Cec1 was primarily regulated by the Imd-Relish (REL2) pathway in the Anopheles gambiae Sua1B cell line. We show here that expression of Defensin A (Def1) and Gam1 was reduced after RNA interference against components of the Imd-REL2 pathway in An. gambiae cell lines. Interestingly, promoter reporters of these antimicrobial peptides were expressed at very low level in the cell line MSQ43 from Anopheles stephensi. Surprisingly, over-expression of either NF-kappaB transcription factor REL1 or REL2 alone is sufficient to induce the expression of Cec1, Gam1 and Def1. These results suggest that expression of these antimicrobial peptides (AMP) in vivo may be regulated by both the Toll and Imd pathways. We also show here for the first time that Tep4, a gene encoding a thioester containing protein, is regulated by REL2. Taken together, these results suggest that there are significant overlaps of genes regulated by the Toll-Rel1 and Imd-Rel2 pathways. Further, the different expression patterns in two different Anopheline cell lines provide a platform to identify other key positive and negative regulators of the antimicrobial peptide genes. |
| spellingShingle | Luna, C Hoa, N Lin, H Zhang, L Nguyen, H Kanzok, S Zheng, L Expression of immune responsive genes in cell lines from two different Anopheline species. |
| title | Expression of immune responsive genes in cell lines from two different Anopheline species. |
| title_full | Expression of immune responsive genes in cell lines from two different Anopheline species. |
| title_fullStr | Expression of immune responsive genes in cell lines from two different Anopheline species. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Expression of immune responsive genes in cell lines from two different Anopheline species. |
| title_short | Expression of immune responsive genes in cell lines from two different Anopheline species. |
| title_sort | expression of immune responsive genes in cell lines from two different anopheline species |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lunac expressionofimmuneresponsivegenesincelllinesfromtwodifferentanophelinespecies AT hoan expressionofimmuneresponsivegenesincelllinesfromtwodifferentanophelinespecies AT linh expressionofimmuneresponsivegenesincelllinesfromtwodifferentanophelinespecies AT zhangl expressionofimmuneresponsivegenesincelllinesfromtwodifferentanophelinespecies AT nguyenh expressionofimmuneresponsivegenesincelllinesfromtwodifferentanophelinespecies AT kanzoks expressionofimmuneresponsivegenesincelllinesfromtwodifferentanophelinespecies AT zhengl expressionofimmuneresponsivegenesincelllinesfromtwodifferentanophelinespecies |