ALMA spectral survey of Supernova 1987A – molecular inventory, chemistry, dynamics and explosive nucleosynthesis
We report the first molecular line survey of Supernova 1987A in the millimetre wavelength range. In the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) 210–300 and 340–360 GHz spectra, we detected cold (20–170 K) CO, <sup>28</sup>SiO, HCO<sup>+</sup> and SO, with weaker l...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
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Oxford University Press
2017
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| _version_ | 1824459193269092352 |
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| author | Matsuura, M Indebetouw, R Woosley, S Bujarrabal, V Abellán, F McCray, R Kamenetzky, J Fransson, C Barlow, M Gomez, H Cigan, P De Looze, I Spyromilio, J Stavely-Smith, L Zanardo, G Roche, P Larsson, J Viti, S Van Loon, J Wheeler, J Baes, M Chevalier, R Lundqvist, P Marcaide, J Dwek, E Meixner, M Ng, C Sonneborn, G Yates, J |
| author_facet | Matsuura, M Indebetouw, R Woosley, S Bujarrabal, V Abellán, F McCray, R Kamenetzky, J Fransson, C Barlow, M Gomez, H Cigan, P De Looze, I Spyromilio, J Stavely-Smith, L Zanardo, G Roche, P Larsson, J Viti, S Van Loon, J Wheeler, J Baes, M Chevalier, R Lundqvist, P Marcaide, J Dwek, E Meixner, M Ng, C Sonneborn, G Yates, J |
| author_sort | Matsuura, M |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | We report the first molecular line survey of Supernova 1987A in the millimetre wavelength range. In the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) 210–300 and 340–360 GHz spectra, we detected cold (20–170 K) CO, <sup>28</sup>SiO, HCO<sup>+</sup> and SO, with weaker lines of <sup>29</sup>SiO from ejecta. This is the first identification of HCO<sup>+</sup> and SO in a young supernova remnant. We find a dip in the J = 6–5 and 5–4 SiO line profiles, suggesting that the ejecta morphology is likely elongated. The difference of the CO and SiO line profiles is consistent with hydrodynamic simulations, which show that Rayleigh–Taylor instabilities cause mixing of gas, with heavier elements much more disturbed, making more elongated structure. We obtained isotopologue ratios of <sup>28</sup>SiO/<sup>29</sup>SiO > 13, <sup>28</sup>SiO/<sup>30</sup>SiO > 14 and <sup>12</sup>CO/<sup>13</sup>CO > 21, with the most likely limits of <sup>28</sup>SiO/<sup>29</sup>SiO >128, <sup>28</sup>SiO/<sup>30</sup>SiO >189. Low <sup>29</sup>Si and <sup>30</sup>Si abundances in SN 1987A are consistent with nucleosynthesis models that show inefficient formation of neutron-rich isotopes in a low-metallicity environment, such as the Large Magellanic Cloud. The deduced large mass of HCO<sup>+</sup> (∼5 × 10<sup>−6</sup> M<sub>⊙</sub>) and small SiS mass (<6 × 10<sup>−5</sup> M<sub>⊙</sub>) might be explained by some mixing of elements immediately after the explosion. The mixing might have caused some hydrogen from the envelope to sink into carbon- and oxygen-rich zones after the explosion, enabling the formation of a substantial mass of HCO<sup>+</sup>. Oxygen atoms may have penetrated into silicon and sulphur zones, suppressing formation of SiS. Our ALMA observations open up a new window to investigate chemistry, dynamics and explosive nucleosynthesis in supernovae. |
| first_indexed | 2025-02-19T04:37:53Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:67e1216f-f53e-43a7-85a1-a07d11cc0a5e |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-02-19T04:37:53Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | Oxford University Press |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:67e1216f-f53e-43a7-85a1-a07d11cc0a5e2025-02-06T14:48:14ZALMA spectral survey of Supernova 1987A – molecular inventory, chemistry, dynamics and explosive nucleosynthesisJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:67e1216f-f53e-43a7-85a1-a07d11cc0a5eEnglishSymplectic Elements at OxfordOxford University Press2017Matsuura, MIndebetouw, RWoosley, SBujarrabal, VAbellán, FMcCray, RKamenetzky, JFransson, CBarlow, MGomez, HCigan, PDe Looze, ISpyromilio, JStavely-Smith, LZanardo, GRoche, PLarsson, JViti, SVan Loon, JWheeler, JBaes, MChevalier, RLundqvist, PMarcaide, JDwek, EMeixner, MNg, CSonneborn, GYates, JWe report the first molecular line survey of Supernova 1987A in the millimetre wavelength range. In the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) 210–300 and 340–360 GHz spectra, we detected cold (20–170 K) CO, <sup>28</sup>SiO, HCO<sup>+</sup> and SO, with weaker lines of <sup>29</sup>SiO from ejecta. This is the first identification of HCO<sup>+</sup> and SO in a young supernova remnant. We find a dip in the J = 6–5 and 5–4 SiO line profiles, suggesting that the ejecta morphology is likely elongated. The difference of the CO and SiO line profiles is consistent with hydrodynamic simulations, which show that Rayleigh–Taylor instabilities cause mixing of gas, with heavier elements much more disturbed, making more elongated structure. We obtained isotopologue ratios of <sup>28</sup>SiO/<sup>29</sup>SiO > 13, <sup>28</sup>SiO/<sup>30</sup>SiO > 14 and <sup>12</sup>CO/<sup>13</sup>CO > 21, with the most likely limits of <sup>28</sup>SiO/<sup>29</sup>SiO >128, <sup>28</sup>SiO/<sup>30</sup>SiO >189. Low <sup>29</sup>Si and <sup>30</sup>Si abundances in SN 1987A are consistent with nucleosynthesis models that show inefficient formation of neutron-rich isotopes in a low-metallicity environment, such as the Large Magellanic Cloud. The deduced large mass of HCO<sup>+</sup> (∼5 × 10<sup>−6</sup> M<sub>⊙</sub>) and small SiS mass (<6 × 10<sup>−5</sup> M<sub>⊙</sub>) might be explained by some mixing of elements immediately after the explosion. The mixing might have caused some hydrogen from the envelope to sink into carbon- and oxygen-rich zones after the explosion, enabling the formation of a substantial mass of HCO<sup>+</sup>. Oxygen atoms may have penetrated into silicon and sulphur zones, suppressing formation of SiS. Our ALMA observations open up a new window to investigate chemistry, dynamics and explosive nucleosynthesis in supernovae. |
| spellingShingle | Matsuura, M Indebetouw, R Woosley, S Bujarrabal, V Abellán, F McCray, R Kamenetzky, J Fransson, C Barlow, M Gomez, H Cigan, P De Looze, I Spyromilio, J Stavely-Smith, L Zanardo, G Roche, P Larsson, J Viti, S Van Loon, J Wheeler, J Baes, M Chevalier, R Lundqvist, P Marcaide, J Dwek, E Meixner, M Ng, C Sonneborn, G Yates, J ALMA spectral survey of Supernova 1987A – molecular inventory, chemistry, dynamics and explosive nucleosynthesis |
| title | ALMA spectral survey of Supernova 1987A – molecular inventory, chemistry, dynamics and explosive nucleosynthesis |
| title_full | ALMA spectral survey of Supernova 1987A – molecular inventory, chemistry, dynamics and explosive nucleosynthesis |
| title_fullStr | ALMA spectral survey of Supernova 1987A – molecular inventory, chemistry, dynamics and explosive nucleosynthesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | ALMA spectral survey of Supernova 1987A – molecular inventory, chemistry, dynamics and explosive nucleosynthesis |
| title_short | ALMA spectral survey of Supernova 1987A – molecular inventory, chemistry, dynamics and explosive nucleosynthesis |
| title_sort | alma spectral survey of supernova 1987a molecular inventory chemistry dynamics and explosive nucleosynthesis |
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