The effect of volume change and stack pressure on solid-state battery cathodes

Solid-state lithium batteries may provide increased energy density and improved safety compared with Li-ion technology. However, in a solid-state composite cathode, mechanical degradation due to repeated cathode volume changes during cycling may occur, which may be partially mitigated by applying a...

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Main Authors: Liu, B, Pu, SD, Doerrer, C, Spencer Jolly, D, House, RA, Melvin, DLR, Adamson, P, Grant, PS, Gao, X, Bruce, PG
格式: Journal article
语言:English
出版: Wiley 2023
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author Liu, B
Pu, SD
Doerrer, C
Spencer Jolly, D
House, RA
Melvin, DLR
Adamson, P
Grant, PS
Gao, X
Bruce, PG
author_facet Liu, B
Pu, SD
Doerrer, C
Spencer Jolly, D
House, RA
Melvin, DLR
Adamson, P
Grant, PS
Gao, X
Bruce, PG
author_sort Liu, B
collection OXFORD
description Solid-state lithium batteries may provide increased energy density and improved safety compared with Li-ion technology. However, in a solid-state composite cathode, mechanical degradation due to repeated cathode volume changes during cycling may occur, which may be partially mitigated by applying a significant, but often impractical, uniaxial stack pressure. Herein, we compare the behavior of composite electrodes based on Li<sub>4</sub>Ti<sub>5</sub>O<sub>12</sub> (LTO) (negligible volume change) and Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> (+4% expansion) cycled at different stack pressures. The initial LTO capacity and retention are not affected by pressure but for Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, they are significantly lower when a stack pressure of <2 MPa is applied, due to inter-particle cracking and solid-solid contact loss because of cyclic volume changes. This work confirms the importance of cathode mechanical stability and the stack pressures for long-term cyclability for solid-state batteries. This suggests that low volume-change cathode materials or a proper buffer layer are required for solid-state batteries, especially at low stack pressures.
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spelling oxford-uuid:6970d26c-5c7a-4aa7-b7ad-45f91e8bf9e92023-11-24T16:37:47ZThe effect of volume change and stack pressure on solid-state battery cathodesJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:6970d26c-5c7a-4aa7-b7ad-45f91e8bf9e9EnglishSymplectic ElementsWiley2023Liu, BPu, SDDoerrer, CSpencer Jolly, DHouse, RAMelvin, DLRAdamson, PGrant, PSGao, XBruce, PGSolid-state lithium batteries may provide increased energy density and improved safety compared with Li-ion technology. However, in a solid-state composite cathode, mechanical degradation due to repeated cathode volume changes during cycling may occur, which may be partially mitigated by applying a significant, but often impractical, uniaxial stack pressure. Herein, we compare the behavior of composite electrodes based on Li<sub>4</sub>Ti<sub>5</sub>O<sub>12</sub> (LTO) (negligible volume change) and Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> (+4% expansion) cycled at different stack pressures. The initial LTO capacity and retention are not affected by pressure but for Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, they are significantly lower when a stack pressure of <2 MPa is applied, due to inter-particle cracking and solid-solid contact loss because of cyclic volume changes. This work confirms the importance of cathode mechanical stability and the stack pressures for long-term cyclability for solid-state batteries. This suggests that low volume-change cathode materials or a proper buffer layer are required for solid-state batteries, especially at low stack pressures.
spellingShingle Liu, B
Pu, SD
Doerrer, C
Spencer Jolly, D
House, RA
Melvin, DLR
Adamson, P
Grant, PS
Gao, X
Bruce, PG
The effect of volume change and stack pressure on solid-state battery cathodes
title The effect of volume change and stack pressure on solid-state battery cathodes
title_full The effect of volume change and stack pressure on solid-state battery cathodes
title_fullStr The effect of volume change and stack pressure on solid-state battery cathodes
title_full_unstemmed The effect of volume change and stack pressure on solid-state battery cathodes
title_short The effect of volume change and stack pressure on solid-state battery cathodes
title_sort effect of volume change and stack pressure on solid state battery cathodes
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