Genetics HLA: the major human histocompatibility system.
The HLA system was first defined as a cell surface genetic polymorphism with the aim of using it for transplantation matching. The originally defined specificities of the system, usually identified by a microcytotoxicity assay on peripheral blood lymphocytes, are controlled by the alleles of three c...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
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1978
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| _version_ | 1826277627726397440 |
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| author | Bodmer, W Jones, E Barnstable, C Bodmer, J |
| author_facet | Bodmer, W Jones, E Barnstable, C Bodmer, J |
| author_sort | Bodmer, W |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | The HLA system was first defined as a cell surface genetic polymorphism with the aim of using it for transplantation matching. The originally defined specificities of the system, usually identified by a microcytotoxicity assay on peripheral blood lymphocytes, are controlled by the alleles of three closely linked loci HLA-A, B and C. These loci are highly polymorphic with at least 19 A alleles, 26 B alleles and 5 C alleles defined. There is extensive cross reaction amongst the determinants controlled by each locus, though not usually between loci. Skin or kidney grafts exchanged between HLA-A, B and C identical sibs survive much longer than those between unmatched sibs showing that the HLA system is indeed a histocompatibility system. The mixed lymphocyte culture reaction has been shown to be controlled by a series of alleles at a fourth locus, closely linked to A, B and C, the HLA-D locus. Eight alleles have been identified at this locus by use of the mixed lymphocyte culture reaction as a typing procedure. The H-2 system is the mouse equivalent of HLA. The HLA system, and other similar systems in other species, are remarkable examples of complex gene clusters containing several hundreds, and possibly even a few thousand, gene loci. Such gene clusters of which other well known examples are the haemoglobin and immunoglobulin genes, seem to be a characteristic feature of higher organism genetic organization. It is commonly assumed that such clusters have arisen by a series of duplication events. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T23:31:45Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:6c45de21-39ea-4a03-8af5-ccb117ab8320 |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T23:31:45Z |
| publishDate | 1978 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:6c45de21-39ea-4a03-8af5-ccb117ab83202022-03-26T19:09:42ZGenetics HLA: the major human histocompatibility system.Journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:6c45de21-39ea-4a03-8af5-ccb117ab8320EnglishSymplectic Elements at Oxford1978Bodmer, WJones, EBarnstable, CBodmer, JThe HLA system was first defined as a cell surface genetic polymorphism with the aim of using it for transplantation matching. The originally defined specificities of the system, usually identified by a microcytotoxicity assay on peripheral blood lymphocytes, are controlled by the alleles of three closely linked loci HLA-A, B and C. These loci are highly polymorphic with at least 19 A alleles, 26 B alleles and 5 C alleles defined. There is extensive cross reaction amongst the determinants controlled by each locus, though not usually between loci. Skin or kidney grafts exchanged between HLA-A, B and C identical sibs survive much longer than those between unmatched sibs showing that the HLA system is indeed a histocompatibility system. The mixed lymphocyte culture reaction has been shown to be controlled by a series of alleles at a fourth locus, closely linked to A, B and C, the HLA-D locus. Eight alleles have been identified at this locus by use of the mixed lymphocyte culture reaction as a typing procedure. The H-2 system is the mouse equivalent of HLA. The HLA system, and other similar systems in other species, are remarkable examples of complex gene clusters containing several hundreds, and possibly even a few thousand, gene loci. Such gene clusters of which other well known examples are the haemoglobin and immunoglobulin genes, seem to be a characteristic feature of higher organism genetic organization. It is commonly assumed that such clusters have arisen by a series of duplication events. |
| spellingShingle | Bodmer, W Jones, E Barnstable, C Bodmer, J Genetics HLA: the major human histocompatibility system. |
| title | Genetics HLA: the major human histocompatibility system. |
| title_full | Genetics HLA: the major human histocompatibility system. |
| title_fullStr | Genetics HLA: the major human histocompatibility system. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetics HLA: the major human histocompatibility system. |
| title_short | Genetics HLA: the major human histocompatibility system. |
| title_sort | genetics hla the major human histocompatibility system |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bodmerw geneticshlathemajorhumanhistocompatibilitysystem AT jonese geneticshlathemajorhumanhistocompatibilitysystem AT barnstablec geneticshlathemajorhumanhistocompatibilitysystem AT bodmerj geneticshlathemajorhumanhistocompatibilitysystem |