Declining malaria transmission differentially impacts the maintenance of humoral immunity to Plasmodium falciparum in children
<p><strong>Background</strong></p> <p>We investigated the poorly understood impact of declining malaria transmission on maintenance of antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum merozoite antigens and infected erythrocytes (IEs), including functional immunity.</p> <p...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Oxford University Press
2017
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| _version_ | 1797074686881824768 |
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| author | Mugyenyi, CK Elliott, SR Yap, XZ Feng, G Boeuf, P Fegan, G Osier, FFH Fowkes, FJI Avril, M Williams, TH Marsh, K Beeson, JG |
| author_facet | Mugyenyi, CK Elliott, SR Yap, XZ Feng, G Boeuf, P Fegan, G Osier, FFH Fowkes, FJI Avril, M Williams, TH Marsh, K Beeson, JG |
| author_sort | Mugyenyi, CK |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | <p><strong>Background</strong></p>
<p>We investigated the poorly understood impact of declining malaria transmission on maintenance of antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum merozoite antigens and infected erythrocytes (IEs), including functional immunity.</p>
<p><strong>Methods</strong></p>
<p>In a 3-year longitudinal cohort of 300 Kenyan children, antibodies to different AMA1 and MSP2 alleles of merozoites, IE surface antigens, and antibody functional activities were quantified.</p>
<p><strong>Results</strong></p>
<p>Over a period in which malaria transmission declined markedly, AMA1 and MSP2 antibodies decreased substantially; estimated half-lives of antibody duration were 0.8 year and 1–3 years, respectively. However, 69%–74% of children maintained their seropositivity to AMA1 alleles and 42%–52% to MSP2 alleles. Levels and prevalence of antimerozoite antibodies were consistently associated with increasing age and concurrent parasitemia. Antibodies promoting opsonic phagocytosis of merozoites declined rapidly (half-life, 0.15 years). In contrast, complement-fixing antibodies to merozoites did not decline and antibodies to IE surface antigens expressing virulent phenotypes were much better maintained (half-life, 4–10 years).</p>
<p><strong>Conclusions</strong></p>
<p>A decline in malaria transmission is associated with reduction in naturally acquired immunity. However, loss of immunity is not universal; some key functional responses and antibodies to IEs were better maintained and these may continue to provide some protection. Findings have implications for malaria surveillance and control measures and informing vaccine development.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T23:39:51Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:6eec370e-1876-41aa-9830-21dfee0b9472 |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T23:39:51Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | Oxford University Press |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:6eec370e-1876-41aa-9830-21dfee0b94722022-03-26T19:27:34ZDeclining malaria transmission differentially impacts the maintenance of humoral immunity to Plasmodium falciparum in childrenJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:6eec370e-1876-41aa-9830-21dfee0b9472EnglishSymplectic ElementsOxford University Press2017Mugyenyi, CKElliott, SRYap, XZFeng, GBoeuf, PFegan, GOsier, FFHFowkes, FJIAvril, MWilliams, THMarsh, KBeeson, JG<p><strong>Background</strong></p> <p>We investigated the poorly understood impact of declining malaria transmission on maintenance of antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum merozoite antigens and infected erythrocytes (IEs), including functional immunity.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong></p> <p>In a 3-year longitudinal cohort of 300 Kenyan children, antibodies to different AMA1 and MSP2 alleles of merozoites, IE surface antigens, and antibody functional activities were quantified.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong></p> <p>Over a period in which malaria transmission declined markedly, AMA1 and MSP2 antibodies decreased substantially; estimated half-lives of antibody duration were 0.8 year and 1–3 years, respectively. However, 69%–74% of children maintained their seropositivity to AMA1 alleles and 42%–52% to MSP2 alleles. Levels and prevalence of antimerozoite antibodies were consistently associated with increasing age and concurrent parasitemia. Antibodies promoting opsonic phagocytosis of merozoites declined rapidly (half-life, 0.15 years). In contrast, complement-fixing antibodies to merozoites did not decline and antibodies to IE surface antigens expressing virulent phenotypes were much better maintained (half-life, 4–10 years).</p> <p><strong>Conclusions</strong></p> <p>A decline in malaria transmission is associated with reduction in naturally acquired immunity. However, loss of immunity is not universal; some key functional responses and antibodies to IEs were better maintained and these may continue to provide some protection. Findings have implications for malaria surveillance and control measures and informing vaccine development.</p> |
| spellingShingle | Mugyenyi, CK Elliott, SR Yap, XZ Feng, G Boeuf, P Fegan, G Osier, FFH Fowkes, FJI Avril, M Williams, TH Marsh, K Beeson, JG Declining malaria transmission differentially impacts the maintenance of humoral immunity to Plasmodium falciparum in children |
| title | Declining malaria transmission differentially impacts the maintenance of humoral immunity to Plasmodium falciparum in children |
| title_full | Declining malaria transmission differentially impacts the maintenance of humoral immunity to Plasmodium falciparum in children |
| title_fullStr | Declining malaria transmission differentially impacts the maintenance of humoral immunity to Plasmodium falciparum in children |
| title_full_unstemmed | Declining malaria transmission differentially impacts the maintenance of humoral immunity to Plasmodium falciparum in children |
| title_short | Declining malaria transmission differentially impacts the maintenance of humoral immunity to Plasmodium falciparum in children |
| title_sort | declining malaria transmission differentially impacts the maintenance of humoral immunity to plasmodium falciparum in children |
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