Calretinin interneuron density in the caudate nucleus is lower in autism spectrum disorder
Autism spectrum disorder is a debilitating condition with possible neurodevelopmental origins but unknown neuroanatomical correlates. Whereas investigators have paid much attention to the cerebral cortex few studies have detailed the basal ganglia in autism. The caudate nucleus may be involved in th...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Journal article |
| Published: |
Oxford University Press
2017
|
| _version_ | 1797074989492469760 |
|---|---|
| author | Adorjan, I Ahmed, B Feher, V Torso, M Krug, K Esiri, M Chance, S Szele, F |
| author_facet | Adorjan, I Ahmed, B Feher, V Torso, M Krug, K Esiri, M Chance, S Szele, F |
| author_sort | Adorjan, I |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | Autism spectrum disorder is a debilitating condition with possible neurodevelopmental origins but unknown neuroanatomical correlates. Whereas investigators have paid much attention to the cerebral cortex few studies have detailed the basal ganglia in autism. The caudate nucleus may be involved in the repetitive movements and limbic changes of autism. We used immunohistochemistry for calretinin and neuropeptide Y in 24 age-gender matched patients with autism spectrum disorder and controls ranging in age from 13 to 69 years. Autism subjects had a 35% lower density of calretinin+ interneurons in the caudate that was driven by loss of small calretinin+ neurons. This was not caused by altered size of the caudate, as its cross-sectional surface areas were similar between diagnostic groups. Controls exhibited an age dependent increase in the density of medium and large calretinin+ neurons, whereas subjects with autism did not. Diagnostic groups did not differ regarding ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1+ immunoreactivity for microglia, suggesting chronic inflammation did not cause the decreased calretinin+ density. There was no statistically significant difference in the density of neuropeptide Y+ neurons between subjects with autism and controls. The decreased calretinin+ density may disrupt the excitation/inhibition balance in the caudate leading to dysfunctional corticostriatal circuits. The description of such changes in autism spectrum disorder may clarify pathomechanisms and thereby help identify targets for drug intervention and novel therapeutic strategies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T23:44:04Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:704e40a3-39a1-42c5-a054-74f1c56d7761 |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T23:44:04Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | Oxford University Press |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:704e40a3-39a1-42c5-a054-74f1c56d77612022-03-26T19:36:17ZCalretinin interneuron density in the caudate nucleus is lower in autism spectrum disorderJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:704e40a3-39a1-42c5-a054-74f1c56d7761Symplectic Elements at OxfordOxford University Press2017Adorjan, IAhmed, BFeher, VTorso, MKrug, KEsiri, MChance, SSzele, FAutism spectrum disorder is a debilitating condition with possible neurodevelopmental origins but unknown neuroanatomical correlates. Whereas investigators have paid much attention to the cerebral cortex few studies have detailed the basal ganglia in autism. The caudate nucleus may be involved in the repetitive movements and limbic changes of autism. We used immunohistochemistry for calretinin and neuropeptide Y in 24 age-gender matched patients with autism spectrum disorder and controls ranging in age from 13 to 69 years. Autism subjects had a 35% lower density of calretinin+ interneurons in the caudate that was driven by loss of small calretinin+ neurons. This was not caused by altered size of the caudate, as its cross-sectional surface areas were similar between diagnostic groups. Controls exhibited an age dependent increase in the density of medium and large calretinin+ neurons, whereas subjects with autism did not. Diagnostic groups did not differ regarding ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1+ immunoreactivity for microglia, suggesting chronic inflammation did not cause the decreased calretinin+ density. There was no statistically significant difference in the density of neuropeptide Y+ neurons between subjects with autism and controls. The decreased calretinin+ density may disrupt the excitation/inhibition balance in the caudate leading to dysfunctional corticostriatal circuits. The description of such changes in autism spectrum disorder may clarify pathomechanisms and thereby help identify targets for drug intervention and novel therapeutic strategies. |
| spellingShingle | Adorjan, I Ahmed, B Feher, V Torso, M Krug, K Esiri, M Chance, S Szele, F Calretinin interneuron density in the caudate nucleus is lower in autism spectrum disorder |
| title | Calretinin interneuron density in the caudate nucleus is lower in autism spectrum disorder |
| title_full | Calretinin interneuron density in the caudate nucleus is lower in autism spectrum disorder |
| title_fullStr | Calretinin interneuron density in the caudate nucleus is lower in autism spectrum disorder |
| title_full_unstemmed | Calretinin interneuron density in the caudate nucleus is lower in autism spectrum disorder |
| title_short | Calretinin interneuron density in the caudate nucleus is lower in autism spectrum disorder |
| title_sort | calretinin interneuron density in the caudate nucleus is lower in autism spectrum disorder |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT adorjani calretinininterneurondensityinthecaudatenucleusislowerinautismspectrumdisorder AT ahmedb calretinininterneurondensityinthecaudatenucleusislowerinautismspectrumdisorder AT feherv calretinininterneurondensityinthecaudatenucleusislowerinautismspectrumdisorder AT torsom calretinininterneurondensityinthecaudatenucleusislowerinautismspectrumdisorder AT krugk calretinininterneurondensityinthecaudatenucleusislowerinautismspectrumdisorder AT esirim calretinininterneurondensityinthecaudatenucleusislowerinautismspectrumdisorder AT chances calretinininterneurondensityinthecaudatenucleusislowerinautismspectrumdisorder AT szelef calretinininterneurondensityinthecaudatenucleusislowerinautismspectrumdisorder |