Immune Mechanisms of Viral Control in HIV-2 Infection
Human immunodeficiency virus 2 (HIV-2) infection is a zoonosis in which simian immunodeficiency virus from a West African monkey species; the sooty mangabey is thought to have entered the human population on at least eight separate occasions. This has given rise to eight distinct HIV-2 groups, of wh...
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Format: | Journal article |
Jezik: | English |
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Elsevier
2012
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_version_ | 1826278688398770176 |
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author | Moysi, E de Silva, T Rowland-Jones, S |
author_facet | Moysi, E de Silva, T Rowland-Jones, S |
author_sort | Moysi, E |
collection | OXFORD |
description | Human immunodeficiency virus 2 (HIV-2) infection is a zoonosis in which simian immunodeficiency virus from a West African monkey species; the sooty mangabey is thought to have entered the human population on at least eight separate occasions. This has given rise to eight distinct HIV-2 groups, of which only groups A and B have continued to spread among humans; the other clades appear only to have led to single-person infections. Viral control in HIV-2 infection is associated with several distinct features-a high-magnitude cellular immune response directed toward conserved Gag epitopes, an earlier-differentiated CD8 + T cell phenotype with increased polyfunctionality and exceptionally high functional avidity, supported by polyfunctional virus-specific CD4 + T cells, against a background of substantially less extensive immune activation than is seen in human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection. Emerging as one of the most striking differences from HIV-1 infection is the slower evolution and a possible lower frequency of adaptive immune escape in asymptomatic HIV-2-infected individuals. © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
first_indexed | 2024-03-06T23:47:41Z |
format | Journal article |
id | oxford-uuid:71819e26-a8b0-49a2-9d40-e4cfea990bbd |
institution | University of Oxford |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-03-06T23:47:41Z |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | dspace |
spelling | oxford-uuid:71819e26-a8b0-49a2-9d40-e4cfea990bbd2022-03-26T19:44:06ZImmune Mechanisms of Viral Control in HIV-2 InfectionJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:71819e26-a8b0-49a2-9d40-e4cfea990bbdEnglishSymplectic Elements at OxfordElsevier2012Moysi, Ede Silva, TRowland-Jones, SHuman immunodeficiency virus 2 (HIV-2) infection is a zoonosis in which simian immunodeficiency virus from a West African monkey species; the sooty mangabey is thought to have entered the human population on at least eight separate occasions. This has given rise to eight distinct HIV-2 groups, of which only groups A and B have continued to spread among humans; the other clades appear only to have led to single-person infections. Viral control in HIV-2 infection is associated with several distinct features-a high-magnitude cellular immune response directed toward conserved Gag epitopes, an earlier-differentiated CD8 + T cell phenotype with increased polyfunctionality and exceptionally high functional avidity, supported by polyfunctional virus-specific CD4 + T cells, against a background of substantially less extensive immune activation than is seen in human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection. Emerging as one of the most striking differences from HIV-1 infection is the slower evolution and a possible lower frequency of adaptive immune escape in asymptomatic HIV-2-infected individuals. © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
spellingShingle | Moysi, E de Silva, T Rowland-Jones, S Immune Mechanisms of Viral Control in HIV-2 Infection |
title | Immune Mechanisms of Viral Control in HIV-2 Infection |
title_full | Immune Mechanisms of Viral Control in HIV-2 Infection |
title_fullStr | Immune Mechanisms of Viral Control in HIV-2 Infection |
title_full_unstemmed | Immune Mechanisms of Viral Control in HIV-2 Infection |
title_short | Immune Mechanisms of Viral Control in HIV-2 Infection |
title_sort | immune mechanisms of viral control in hiv 2 infection |
work_keys_str_mv | AT moysie immunemechanismsofviralcontrolinhiv2infection AT desilvat immunemechanismsofviralcontrolinhiv2infection AT rowlandjoness immunemechanismsofviralcontrolinhiv2infection |