Immune Mechanisms of Viral Control in HIV-2 Infection

Human immunodeficiency virus 2 (HIV-2) infection is a zoonosis in which simian immunodeficiency virus from a West African monkey species; the sooty mangabey is thought to have entered the human population on at least eight separate occasions. This has given rise to eight distinct HIV-2 groups, of wh...

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Glavni autori: Moysi, E, de Silva, T, Rowland-Jones, S
Format: Journal article
Jezik:English
Izdano: Elsevier 2012
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author Moysi, E
de Silva, T
Rowland-Jones, S
author_facet Moysi, E
de Silva, T
Rowland-Jones, S
author_sort Moysi, E
collection OXFORD
description Human immunodeficiency virus 2 (HIV-2) infection is a zoonosis in which simian immunodeficiency virus from a West African monkey species; the sooty mangabey is thought to have entered the human population on at least eight separate occasions. This has given rise to eight distinct HIV-2 groups, of which only groups A and B have continued to spread among humans; the other clades appear only to have led to single-person infections. Viral control in HIV-2 infection is associated with several distinct features-a high-magnitude cellular immune response directed toward conserved Gag epitopes, an earlier-differentiated CD8 + T cell phenotype with increased polyfunctionality and exceptionally high functional avidity, supported by polyfunctional virus-specific CD4 + T cells, against a background of substantially less extensive immune activation than is seen in human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection. Emerging as one of the most striking differences from HIV-1 infection is the slower evolution and a possible lower frequency of adaptive immune escape in asymptomatic HIV-2-infected individuals. © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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spelling oxford-uuid:71819e26-a8b0-49a2-9d40-e4cfea990bbd2022-03-26T19:44:06ZImmune Mechanisms of Viral Control in HIV-2 InfectionJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:71819e26-a8b0-49a2-9d40-e4cfea990bbdEnglishSymplectic Elements at OxfordElsevier2012Moysi, Ede Silva, TRowland-Jones, SHuman immunodeficiency virus 2 (HIV-2) infection is a zoonosis in which simian immunodeficiency virus from a West African monkey species; the sooty mangabey is thought to have entered the human population on at least eight separate occasions. This has given rise to eight distinct HIV-2 groups, of which only groups A and B have continued to spread among humans; the other clades appear only to have led to single-person infections. Viral control in HIV-2 infection is associated with several distinct features-a high-magnitude cellular immune response directed toward conserved Gag epitopes, an earlier-differentiated CD8 + T cell phenotype with increased polyfunctionality and exceptionally high functional avidity, supported by polyfunctional virus-specific CD4 + T cells, against a background of substantially less extensive immune activation than is seen in human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection. Emerging as one of the most striking differences from HIV-1 infection is the slower evolution and a possible lower frequency of adaptive immune escape in asymptomatic HIV-2-infected individuals. © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
spellingShingle Moysi, E
de Silva, T
Rowland-Jones, S
Immune Mechanisms of Viral Control in HIV-2 Infection
title Immune Mechanisms of Viral Control in HIV-2 Infection
title_full Immune Mechanisms of Viral Control in HIV-2 Infection
title_fullStr Immune Mechanisms of Viral Control in HIV-2 Infection
title_full_unstemmed Immune Mechanisms of Viral Control in HIV-2 Infection
title_short Immune Mechanisms of Viral Control in HIV-2 Infection
title_sort immune mechanisms of viral control in hiv 2 infection
work_keys_str_mv AT moysie immunemechanismsofviralcontrolinhiv2infection
AT desilvat immunemechanismsofviralcontrolinhiv2infection
AT rowlandjoness immunemechanismsofviralcontrolinhiv2infection