Stacked average far-infrared spectrum of dusty star-forming galaxies from the Herschel /SPIRE Fourier Transform Spectrometer
We present stacked average far-infrared spectra of a sample of 197 dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) at 0.005 < z < 4 using about 90% of the Herschel Space Observatory SPIRE Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) extragalactic data archive based on 3.5 years of science operations....
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Journal article |
| Published: |
IOP Publishing
2017
|
| _version_ | 1826279561849995264 |
|---|---|
| author | Wilson, D Cooray, A Nayyeri, H Bonato, M Bradford, CM Clements, DL De Zotti, G Díaz-Santos, T Farrah, D Magdis, G Michałowski, MJ Pearson, C Rigopoulou, D Valtchanov, I Wang, L Wardlow, J |
| author_facet | Wilson, D Cooray, A Nayyeri, H Bonato, M Bradford, CM Clements, DL De Zotti, G Díaz-Santos, T Farrah, D Magdis, G Michałowski, MJ Pearson, C Rigopoulou, D Valtchanov, I Wang, L Wardlow, J |
| author_sort | Wilson, D |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | We present stacked average far-infrared spectra of a sample of 197 dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) at 0.005 < z < 4 using about 90% of the Herschel Space Observatory SPIRE Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) extragalactic data archive based on 3.5 years of science operations. These spectra explore an observed-frame 4471568 GHz frequency range, allowing us to observe the main atomic and molecular lines emitted by gas in the interstellar medium. The sample is subdivided into redshift bins, and a subset of the bins are stacked by infrared luminosity as well. These stacked spectra are used to determine the average gas density and radiation field strength in the photodissociation regions (PDRs) of DSFGs. For the low-redshift sample, we present the average spectral line energy distributions of CO and H2O rotational transitions and consider PDR conditions based on observed [C I] 370 and 609 μm, and CO (7-6) lines. For the high-z (0.8 < z < 4) sample, PDR models suggest a molecular gas distribution in the presence of a radiation field that is at least a factor of 103 larger than the Milky Way and with a neutral gas density of roughly 104.5105.5 cm -3 . The corresponding PDR models for the low-z sample suggest a UV radiation field and gas density comparable to those at high-z. Given the challenges in obtaining adequate farinfrared observations, the stacked average spectra we present here will remain the measurements with the highest signal-to-noise ratio for at least a decade and a half until the launch of the next far-infrared facility. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T00:00:35Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:75cce2a6-4fa1-4490-a0c1-605df92d0c32 |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T00:00:35Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:75cce2a6-4fa1-4490-a0c1-605df92d0c322022-03-26T20:11:41ZStacked average far-infrared spectrum of dusty star-forming galaxies from the Herschel /SPIRE Fourier Transform SpectrometerJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:75cce2a6-4fa1-4490-a0c1-605df92d0c32Symplectic Elements at OxfordIOP Publishing2017Wilson, DCooray, ANayyeri, HBonato, MBradford, CMClements, DLDe Zotti, GDíaz-Santos, TFarrah, DMagdis, GMichałowski, MJPearson, CRigopoulou, DValtchanov, IWang, LWardlow, JWe present stacked average far-infrared spectra of a sample of 197 dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) at 0.005 < z < 4 using about 90% of the Herschel Space Observatory SPIRE Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) extragalactic data archive based on 3.5 years of science operations. These spectra explore an observed-frame 4471568 GHz frequency range, allowing us to observe the main atomic and molecular lines emitted by gas in the interstellar medium. The sample is subdivided into redshift bins, and a subset of the bins are stacked by infrared luminosity as well. These stacked spectra are used to determine the average gas density and radiation field strength in the photodissociation regions (PDRs) of DSFGs. For the low-redshift sample, we present the average spectral line energy distributions of CO and H2O rotational transitions and consider PDR conditions based on observed [C I] 370 and 609 μm, and CO (7-6) lines. For the high-z (0.8 < z < 4) sample, PDR models suggest a molecular gas distribution in the presence of a radiation field that is at least a factor of 103 larger than the Milky Way and with a neutral gas density of roughly 104.5105.5 cm -3 . The corresponding PDR models for the low-z sample suggest a UV radiation field and gas density comparable to those at high-z. Given the challenges in obtaining adequate farinfrared observations, the stacked average spectra we present here will remain the measurements with the highest signal-to-noise ratio for at least a decade and a half until the launch of the next far-infrared facility. |
| spellingShingle | Wilson, D Cooray, A Nayyeri, H Bonato, M Bradford, CM Clements, DL De Zotti, G Díaz-Santos, T Farrah, D Magdis, G Michałowski, MJ Pearson, C Rigopoulou, D Valtchanov, I Wang, L Wardlow, J Stacked average far-infrared spectrum of dusty star-forming galaxies from the Herschel /SPIRE Fourier Transform Spectrometer |
| title | Stacked average far-infrared spectrum of dusty star-forming galaxies from the Herschel /SPIRE Fourier Transform Spectrometer |
| title_full | Stacked average far-infrared spectrum of dusty star-forming galaxies from the Herschel /SPIRE Fourier Transform Spectrometer |
| title_fullStr | Stacked average far-infrared spectrum of dusty star-forming galaxies from the Herschel /SPIRE Fourier Transform Spectrometer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Stacked average far-infrared spectrum of dusty star-forming galaxies from the Herschel /SPIRE Fourier Transform Spectrometer |
| title_short | Stacked average far-infrared spectrum of dusty star-forming galaxies from the Herschel /SPIRE Fourier Transform Spectrometer |
| title_sort | stacked average far infrared spectrum of dusty star forming galaxies from the herschel spire fourier transform spectrometer |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT wilsond stackedaveragefarinfraredspectrumofdustystarforminggalaxiesfromtheherschelspirefouriertransformspectrometer AT cooraya stackedaveragefarinfraredspectrumofdustystarforminggalaxiesfromtheherschelspirefouriertransformspectrometer AT nayyerih stackedaveragefarinfraredspectrumofdustystarforminggalaxiesfromtheherschelspirefouriertransformspectrometer AT bonatom stackedaveragefarinfraredspectrumofdustystarforminggalaxiesfromtheherschelspirefouriertransformspectrometer AT bradfordcm stackedaveragefarinfraredspectrumofdustystarforminggalaxiesfromtheherschelspirefouriertransformspectrometer AT clementsdl stackedaveragefarinfraredspectrumofdustystarforminggalaxiesfromtheherschelspirefouriertransformspectrometer AT dezottig stackedaveragefarinfraredspectrumofdustystarforminggalaxiesfromtheherschelspirefouriertransformspectrometer AT diazsantost stackedaveragefarinfraredspectrumofdustystarforminggalaxiesfromtheherschelspirefouriertransformspectrometer AT farrahd stackedaveragefarinfraredspectrumofdustystarforminggalaxiesfromtheherschelspirefouriertransformspectrometer AT magdisg stackedaveragefarinfraredspectrumofdustystarforminggalaxiesfromtheherschelspirefouriertransformspectrometer AT michałowskimj stackedaveragefarinfraredspectrumofdustystarforminggalaxiesfromtheherschelspirefouriertransformspectrometer AT pearsonc stackedaveragefarinfraredspectrumofdustystarforminggalaxiesfromtheherschelspirefouriertransformspectrometer AT rigopouloud stackedaveragefarinfraredspectrumofdustystarforminggalaxiesfromtheherschelspirefouriertransformspectrometer AT valtchanovi stackedaveragefarinfraredspectrumofdustystarforminggalaxiesfromtheherschelspirefouriertransformspectrometer AT wangl stackedaveragefarinfraredspectrumofdustystarforminggalaxiesfromtheherschelspirefouriertransformspectrometer AT wardlowj stackedaveragefarinfraredspectrumofdustystarforminggalaxiesfromtheherschelspirefouriertransformspectrometer |