Pneumococcal prophages are diverse, but not without structure or history
Bacteriophages (phages) infect many bacterial species, but little is known about the diversity of phages among the pneumococcus, a leading global pathogen. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence, diversity and molecular epidemiology of prophages (phage DNA integrated within th...
| Główni autorzy: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal article |
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Nature Publishing Group
2017
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| _version_ | 1826281353396617216 |
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| author | Brueggemann, A Harrold, C Rezaei Javan, R van Tonder, A McDonnell, A Edwards, B |
| author_facet | Brueggemann, A Harrold, C Rezaei Javan, R van Tonder, A McDonnell, A Edwards, B |
| author_sort | Brueggemann, A |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | Bacteriophages (phages) infect many bacterial species, but little is known about the diversity of phages among the pneumococcus, a leading global pathogen. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence, diversity and molecular epidemiology of prophages (phage DNA integrated within the bacterial genome) among pneumococci isolatedover the past 90 years. Nearly 500 pneumococcal genomes were investigated and RNA sequencing was used to explore prophage gene expression. We revealed that every pneumococcal genome contained prophage DNA. 286 full-length/putatively full-length pneumococcal prophages were identified, of which 163 have not previously been reported. Full-length prophages clustered into four major groups and every group dated from the 1930-40s onward. There was limited evidence for genes shared between prophage clusters. Prophages typically integrated in one of five different sites within the pneumococcal genome. 72% of prophages possessed the virulence genes pblAand/or pblB. Individual prophages and the host pneumococcal genetic lineage were strongly associated and some prophages persisted for many decades. RNA sequencing provided clear evidence of prophage gene expression. Overall, pneumococcal prophages were highly prevalent, demonstrated a structured population, possessed genes associated with virulence, and were expressed under experimental conditions. Pneumococcal prophages are likely to play a more important role in pneumococcal biology and evolution than previously recognised. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T00:27:32Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:7ea55cd5-86cf-4c16-b4cc-cac538d30f7c |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T00:27:32Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:7ea55cd5-86cf-4c16-b4cc-cac538d30f7c2022-03-26T21:11:25ZPneumococcal prophages are diverse, but not without structure or historyJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:7ea55cd5-86cf-4c16-b4cc-cac538d30f7cSymplectic Elements at OxfordNature Publishing Group2017Brueggemann, AHarrold, CRezaei Javan, Rvan Tonder, AMcDonnell, AEdwards, BBacteriophages (phages) infect many bacterial species, but little is known about the diversity of phages among the pneumococcus, a leading global pathogen. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence, diversity and molecular epidemiology of prophages (phage DNA integrated within the bacterial genome) among pneumococci isolatedover the past 90 years. Nearly 500 pneumococcal genomes were investigated and RNA sequencing was used to explore prophage gene expression. We revealed that every pneumococcal genome contained prophage DNA. 286 full-length/putatively full-length pneumococcal prophages were identified, of which 163 have not previously been reported. Full-length prophages clustered into four major groups and every group dated from the 1930-40s onward. There was limited evidence for genes shared between prophage clusters. Prophages typically integrated in one of five different sites within the pneumococcal genome. 72% of prophages possessed the virulence genes pblAand/or pblB. Individual prophages and the host pneumococcal genetic lineage were strongly associated and some prophages persisted for many decades. RNA sequencing provided clear evidence of prophage gene expression. Overall, pneumococcal prophages were highly prevalent, demonstrated a structured population, possessed genes associated with virulence, and were expressed under experimental conditions. Pneumococcal prophages are likely to play a more important role in pneumococcal biology and evolution than previously recognised. |
| spellingShingle | Brueggemann, A Harrold, C Rezaei Javan, R van Tonder, A McDonnell, A Edwards, B Pneumococcal prophages are diverse, but not without structure or history |
| title | Pneumococcal prophages are diverse, but not without structure or history |
| title_full | Pneumococcal prophages are diverse, but not without structure or history |
| title_fullStr | Pneumococcal prophages are diverse, but not without structure or history |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pneumococcal prophages are diverse, but not without structure or history |
| title_short | Pneumococcal prophages are diverse, but not without structure or history |
| title_sort | pneumococcal prophages are diverse but not without structure or history |
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