A tiered analytical approach for investigating poor quality emergency contraceptives
Reproductive health has been deleteriously affected by poor quality medicines. Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) are an important birth control method that women can use after unprotected coitus for reducing the risk of pregnancy. In response to the detection of poor quality ECPs commercially ava...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science
2014
|
| _version_ | 1797078411754078208 |
|---|---|
| author | Monge, M Dwivedi, P Zhou, M Payne, M Harris, C House, B Juggins, Y Cizmarik, P Newton, P Fernández, F Jenkins, D |
| author_facet | Monge, M Dwivedi, P Zhou, M Payne, M Harris, C House, B Juggins, Y Cizmarik, P Newton, P Fernández, F Jenkins, D |
| author_sort | Monge, M |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | Reproductive health has been deleteriously affected by poor quality medicines. Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) are an important birth control method that women can use after unprotected coitus for reducing the risk of pregnancy. In response to the detection of poor quality ECPs commercially available in the Peruvian market we developed a tiered multi-platform analytical strategy. In a survey to assess ECP medicine quality in Peru, 7 out of 25 different batches showed inadequate release of levonorgestrel by dissolution testing or improper amounts of active ingredient. One batch was found to contain a wrong active ingredient, with no detectable levonorgestrel. By combining ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-IMS-MS) and direct analysis in real time MS (DART-MS) the unknown compound was identified as the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole. Quantitation by UHPLC-triple quadrupole tandem MS (QqQ-MS/MS) indicated that the wrong ingredient was present in the ECP sample at levels which could have significant physiological effects. Further chemical characterization of the poor quality ECP samples included the identification of the excipients by 2D Diffusion-Ordered Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (DOSY 1H NMR) indicating the presence of lactose and magnesium stearate. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T00:31:37Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:7ffde36d-1666-45e0-a63f-b474608e15d7 |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T00:31:37Z |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:7ffde36d-1666-45e0-a63f-b474608e15d72022-03-26T21:20:34ZA tiered analytical approach for investigating poor quality emergency contraceptivesJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:7ffde36d-1666-45e0-a63f-b474608e15d7EnglishSymplectic Elements at OxfordPublic Library of Science2014Monge, MDwivedi, PZhou, MPayne, MHarris, CHouse, BJuggins, YCizmarik, PNewton, PFernández, FJenkins, DReproductive health has been deleteriously affected by poor quality medicines. Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) are an important birth control method that women can use after unprotected coitus for reducing the risk of pregnancy. In response to the detection of poor quality ECPs commercially available in the Peruvian market we developed a tiered multi-platform analytical strategy. In a survey to assess ECP medicine quality in Peru, 7 out of 25 different batches showed inadequate release of levonorgestrel by dissolution testing or improper amounts of active ingredient. One batch was found to contain a wrong active ingredient, with no detectable levonorgestrel. By combining ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-IMS-MS) and direct analysis in real time MS (DART-MS) the unknown compound was identified as the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole. Quantitation by UHPLC-triple quadrupole tandem MS (QqQ-MS/MS) indicated that the wrong ingredient was present in the ECP sample at levels which could have significant physiological effects. Further chemical characterization of the poor quality ECP samples included the identification of the excipients by 2D Diffusion-Ordered Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (DOSY 1H NMR) indicating the presence of lactose and magnesium stearate. |
| spellingShingle | Monge, M Dwivedi, P Zhou, M Payne, M Harris, C House, B Juggins, Y Cizmarik, P Newton, P Fernández, F Jenkins, D A tiered analytical approach for investigating poor quality emergency contraceptives |
| title | A tiered analytical approach for investigating poor quality emergency contraceptives |
| title_full | A tiered analytical approach for investigating poor quality emergency contraceptives |
| title_fullStr | A tiered analytical approach for investigating poor quality emergency contraceptives |
| title_full_unstemmed | A tiered analytical approach for investigating poor quality emergency contraceptives |
| title_short | A tiered analytical approach for investigating poor quality emergency contraceptives |
| title_sort | tiered analytical approach for investigating poor quality emergency contraceptives |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mongem atieredanalyticalapproachforinvestigatingpoorqualityemergencycontraceptives AT dwivedip atieredanalyticalapproachforinvestigatingpoorqualityemergencycontraceptives AT zhoum atieredanalyticalapproachforinvestigatingpoorqualityemergencycontraceptives AT paynem atieredanalyticalapproachforinvestigatingpoorqualityemergencycontraceptives AT harrisc atieredanalyticalapproachforinvestigatingpoorqualityemergencycontraceptives AT houseb atieredanalyticalapproachforinvestigatingpoorqualityemergencycontraceptives AT jugginsy atieredanalyticalapproachforinvestigatingpoorqualityemergencycontraceptives AT cizmarikp atieredanalyticalapproachforinvestigatingpoorqualityemergencycontraceptives AT newtonp atieredanalyticalapproachforinvestigatingpoorqualityemergencycontraceptives AT fernandezf atieredanalyticalapproachforinvestigatingpoorqualityemergencycontraceptives AT jenkinsd atieredanalyticalapproachforinvestigatingpoorqualityemergencycontraceptives AT mongem tieredanalyticalapproachforinvestigatingpoorqualityemergencycontraceptives AT dwivedip tieredanalyticalapproachforinvestigatingpoorqualityemergencycontraceptives AT zhoum tieredanalyticalapproachforinvestigatingpoorqualityemergencycontraceptives AT paynem tieredanalyticalapproachforinvestigatingpoorqualityemergencycontraceptives AT harrisc tieredanalyticalapproachforinvestigatingpoorqualityemergencycontraceptives AT houseb tieredanalyticalapproachforinvestigatingpoorqualityemergencycontraceptives AT jugginsy tieredanalyticalapproachforinvestigatingpoorqualityemergencycontraceptives AT cizmarikp tieredanalyticalapproachforinvestigatingpoorqualityemergencycontraceptives AT newtonp tieredanalyticalapproachforinvestigatingpoorqualityemergencycontraceptives AT fernandezf tieredanalyticalapproachforinvestigatingpoorqualityemergencycontraceptives AT jenkinsd tieredanalyticalapproachforinvestigatingpoorqualityemergencycontraceptives |