Complementary roles of serotonergic and cholinergic systems in decisions about when to act
Decision-making not only involves deciding about which action to choose but when and whether to initiate an action in the first place. Macaque monkeys tracked number of dots on a screen and could choose when to make a response. The longer the animals waited before responding, the more dots appeared...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
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Cell Press
2022
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| _version_ | 1826307756926173184 |
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| author | Khalighinejad, N Manohar, S Husain, M Rushworth, MFS |
| author_facet | Khalighinejad, N Manohar, S Husain, M Rushworth, MFS |
| author_sort | Khalighinejad, N |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | Decision-making not only involves deciding about which action to choose but when and whether to initiate an action in the first place. Macaque monkeys tracked number of dots on a screen and could choose when to make a response. The longer the animals waited before responding, the more dots appeared on the screen and the higher the probability of reward. Monkeys waited longer before making a response when a trial's value was less than the environment's average value. Recordings of brain activity with fMRI revealed that activity in dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN)-a key source of serotonin (5-HT)-tracked average value of the environment. By contrast, activity in the basal forebrain (BF)-an important source of acetylcholine (ACh)-was related to decision time to act as a function of immediate and recent past context. Interactions between DRN and BF and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), another region with action initiation-related activity, occurred as a function of the decision time to act. Next, we performed two psychopharmacological studies. Manipulating systemic 5-HT by citalopram prolonged the time macaques waited to respond for a given opportunity. This effect was more evident during blocks with long inter-trial intervals (ITIs) where good opportunities were sparse. Manipulating systemic acetylcholine (ACh) by rivastigmine reduced the time macaques waited to respond given the immediate and recent past context, a pattern opposite to the effect observed with 5-HT. These findings suggest complementary roles for serotonin/DRN and acetylcholine/BF in decisions about when to initiate an action. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T07:09:22Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:86769292-87ad-48cc-bb13-d8be7321a9a5 |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T07:09:22Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | Cell Press |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:86769292-87ad-48cc-bb13-d8be7321a9a52022-06-01T08:46:47ZComplementary roles of serotonergic and cholinergic systems in decisions about when to actJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:86769292-87ad-48cc-bb13-d8be7321a9a5EnglishSymplectic ElementsCell Press2022Khalighinejad, NManohar, SHusain, MRushworth, MFSDecision-making not only involves deciding about which action to choose but when and whether to initiate an action in the first place. Macaque monkeys tracked number of dots on a screen and could choose when to make a response. The longer the animals waited before responding, the more dots appeared on the screen and the higher the probability of reward. Monkeys waited longer before making a response when a trial's value was less than the environment's average value. Recordings of brain activity with fMRI revealed that activity in dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN)-a key source of serotonin (5-HT)-tracked average value of the environment. By contrast, activity in the basal forebrain (BF)-an important source of acetylcholine (ACh)-was related to decision time to act as a function of immediate and recent past context. Interactions between DRN and BF and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), another region with action initiation-related activity, occurred as a function of the decision time to act. Next, we performed two psychopharmacological studies. Manipulating systemic 5-HT by citalopram prolonged the time macaques waited to respond for a given opportunity. This effect was more evident during blocks with long inter-trial intervals (ITIs) where good opportunities were sparse. Manipulating systemic acetylcholine (ACh) by rivastigmine reduced the time macaques waited to respond given the immediate and recent past context, a pattern opposite to the effect observed with 5-HT. These findings suggest complementary roles for serotonin/DRN and acetylcholine/BF in decisions about when to initiate an action. |
| spellingShingle | Khalighinejad, N Manohar, S Husain, M Rushworth, MFS Complementary roles of serotonergic and cholinergic systems in decisions about when to act |
| title | Complementary roles of serotonergic and cholinergic systems in decisions about when to act |
| title_full | Complementary roles of serotonergic and cholinergic systems in decisions about when to act |
| title_fullStr | Complementary roles of serotonergic and cholinergic systems in decisions about when to act |
| title_full_unstemmed | Complementary roles of serotonergic and cholinergic systems in decisions about when to act |
| title_short | Complementary roles of serotonergic and cholinergic systems in decisions about when to act |
| title_sort | complementary roles of serotonergic and cholinergic systems in decisions about when to act |
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