| Summary: | The transformation of the World Wide Web from a tool providing access to a large database into one through which millions of users can view huge volumes of information has been rapid. The changes have been catalyzed by recognition of the value of the web as a source of information, and by the increasing ease and decreasing cost of accessing it. Growth has been further encouraged by expansion in the facilities bundled into web browsers, allowing display of pages which include not only graphics and interactive forms, but animations, embedded Java applets, push technology, and secure encryption. While simple widgets such as forms or tick boxes are limited in the detail that they can capture, more flexible means of interaction are opening up new opportunities for Internet use. Users are increasingly able to dial into web sites which connect them to interactive equipment and offer the chance to conduct remote experiments. This paper considers the role of on-line experiments, the challenges that must be overcome in placing experiments on-line, and how such experiments might develop in the future. We argue that on-line experiments offer benefits in a variety of areas, including enhancement of distance learning, expansion of practical course curricula, engagement of students in science, and lowered cost. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd.
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