Restoring and attributing ancient texts using deep neural networks
Ancient history relies on disciplines such as epigraphy—the study of inscribed texts known as inscriptions—for evidence of the thought, language, society and history of past civilizations1. However, over the centuries, many inscriptions have been damaged to the point of illegibility, transported far...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Springer Nature
2022
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| _version_ | 1797081577212084224 |
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| author | Assael, Y Sommerschield, T Shillingford, B Bordbar, M Pavlopoulos, J Chatzipanagiotou, M Androutsopoulos, I Prag, J de Freitas, N |
| author_facet | Assael, Y Sommerschield, T Shillingford, B Bordbar, M Pavlopoulos, J Chatzipanagiotou, M Androutsopoulos, I Prag, J de Freitas, N |
| author_sort | Assael, Y |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | Ancient history relies on disciplines such as epigraphy—the study of inscribed texts known as inscriptions—for evidence of the thought, language, society and history of past civilizations1. However, over the centuries, many inscriptions have been damaged to the point of illegibility, transported far from their original location and their date of writing is steeped in uncertainty. Here we present Ithaca, a deep neural network for the textual restoration, geographical attribution and chronological attribution of ancient Greek inscriptions. Ithaca is designed to assist and expand the historian’s workflow. The architecture of Ithaca focuses on collaboration, decision support and interpretability. While Ithaca alone achieves 62% accuracy when restoring damaged texts, the use of Ithaca by historians improved their accuracy from 25% to 72%, confirming the synergistic effect of this research tool. Ithaca can attribute inscriptions to their original location with an accuracy of 71% and can date them to less than 30 years of their ground-truth ranges, redating key texts of Classical Athens and contributing to topical debates in ancient history. This research shows how models such as Ithaca can unlock the cooperative potential between artificial intelligence and historians, transformationally impacting the way that we study and write about one of the most important periods in human history. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T01:16:13Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:8ec8e060-840c-4ede-9519-e44b998eb787 |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T01:16:13Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | Springer Nature |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:8ec8e060-840c-4ede-9519-e44b998eb7872022-03-26T22:59:53ZRestoring and attributing ancient texts using deep neural networksJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:8ec8e060-840c-4ede-9519-e44b998eb787EnglishSymplectic ElementsSpringer Nature2022Assael, YSommerschield, TShillingford, BBordbar, MPavlopoulos, JChatzipanagiotou, MAndroutsopoulos, IPrag, Jde Freitas, NAncient history relies on disciplines such as epigraphy—the study of inscribed texts known as inscriptions—for evidence of the thought, language, society and history of past civilizations1. However, over the centuries, many inscriptions have been damaged to the point of illegibility, transported far from their original location and their date of writing is steeped in uncertainty. Here we present Ithaca, a deep neural network for the textual restoration, geographical attribution and chronological attribution of ancient Greek inscriptions. Ithaca is designed to assist and expand the historian’s workflow. The architecture of Ithaca focuses on collaboration, decision support and interpretability. While Ithaca alone achieves 62% accuracy when restoring damaged texts, the use of Ithaca by historians improved their accuracy from 25% to 72%, confirming the synergistic effect of this research tool. Ithaca can attribute inscriptions to their original location with an accuracy of 71% and can date them to less than 30 years of their ground-truth ranges, redating key texts of Classical Athens and contributing to topical debates in ancient history. This research shows how models such as Ithaca can unlock the cooperative potential between artificial intelligence and historians, transformationally impacting the way that we study and write about one of the most important periods in human history. |
| spellingShingle | Assael, Y Sommerschield, T Shillingford, B Bordbar, M Pavlopoulos, J Chatzipanagiotou, M Androutsopoulos, I Prag, J de Freitas, N Restoring and attributing ancient texts using deep neural networks |
| title | Restoring and attributing ancient texts using deep neural networks |
| title_full | Restoring and attributing ancient texts using deep neural networks |
| title_fullStr | Restoring and attributing ancient texts using deep neural networks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Restoring and attributing ancient texts using deep neural networks |
| title_short | Restoring and attributing ancient texts using deep neural networks |
| title_sort | restoring and attributing ancient texts using deep neural networks |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT assaely restoringandattributingancienttextsusingdeepneuralnetworks AT sommerschieldt restoringandattributingancienttextsusingdeepneuralnetworks AT shillingfordb restoringandattributingancienttextsusingdeepneuralnetworks AT bordbarm restoringandattributingancienttextsusingdeepneuralnetworks AT pavlopoulosj restoringandattributingancienttextsusingdeepneuralnetworks AT chatzipanagiotoum restoringandattributingancienttextsusingdeepneuralnetworks AT androutsopoulosi restoringandattributingancienttextsusingdeepneuralnetworks AT pragj restoringandattributingancienttextsusingdeepneuralnetworks AT defreitasn restoringandattributingancienttextsusingdeepneuralnetworks |