Stratospheric Temperature and Radiative Forcing Response to 11-Year Solar Cycle Changes in Irradiance and Ozone
The 11-yr solar cycle temperature response to spectrally resolved solar irradiance changes and associated ozone changes is calculated using a fixed dynamical heating (FDH) model. Imposed ozone changes are from satellite observations, in contrast to some earlier studies. A maximum of 1.6 K is found i...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
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2009
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| _version_ | 1797083911959871488 |
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| author | Gray, L Rumbold, S Shine, K |
| author_facet | Gray, L Rumbold, S Shine, K |
| author_sort | Gray, L |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | The 11-yr solar cycle temperature response to spectrally resolved solar irradiance changes and associated ozone changes is calculated using a fixed dynamical heating (FDH) model. Imposed ozone changes are from satellite observations, in contrast to some earlier studies. A maximum of 1.6 K is found in the equatorial upper stratosphere and a secondary maximum of 0.4 K in the equatorial lower stratosphere, forming a double peak in the vertical. The upper maximum is primarily due to the irradiance changes while the lower maximum is due to the imposed ozone changes. The results compare well with analyses using the 40-yr ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40) and NCEP/NCAR datasets. The equatorial lower stratospheric structure is reproduced even though, by definition, the FDH calculations exclude dynamically driven temperature changes, suggesting an important role for an indirect dynamical effect through ozone redistribution. The results also suggest that differences between the Stratospheric SoundingUnit (SSU)/Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU) and ERA-40 estimates of the solar cycle signal can be explained by the poor vertical resolution of the SSU/MSU measurements. The adjusted radiative forcing of climate change is also investigated. The forcing due to irradiance changes was 0.14 W m -2, which is only 78%of the value obtained by employing the standard method of simple scaling of the total solar irradiance (TSI) change. The difference arises because much of the change in TSI is at wavelengths where ozone absorbs strongly. The forcing due to the ozone change was only 0.004 W m -2 owing to strong compensation between negative shortwave and positive longwave forcings. © 2009 American Meteorological Society. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T01:48:13Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:992b6556-1429-4674-a886-7863be28cfaf |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T01:48:13Z |
| publishDate | 2009 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:992b6556-1429-4674-a886-7863be28cfaf2022-03-27T00:12:21ZStratospheric Temperature and Radiative Forcing Response to 11-Year Solar Cycle Changes in Irradiance and OzoneJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:992b6556-1429-4674-a886-7863be28cfafEnglishSymplectic Elements at Oxford2009Gray, LRumbold, SShine, KThe 11-yr solar cycle temperature response to spectrally resolved solar irradiance changes and associated ozone changes is calculated using a fixed dynamical heating (FDH) model. Imposed ozone changes are from satellite observations, in contrast to some earlier studies. A maximum of 1.6 K is found in the equatorial upper stratosphere and a secondary maximum of 0.4 K in the equatorial lower stratosphere, forming a double peak in the vertical. The upper maximum is primarily due to the irradiance changes while the lower maximum is due to the imposed ozone changes. The results compare well with analyses using the 40-yr ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40) and NCEP/NCAR datasets. The equatorial lower stratospheric structure is reproduced even though, by definition, the FDH calculations exclude dynamically driven temperature changes, suggesting an important role for an indirect dynamical effect through ozone redistribution. The results also suggest that differences between the Stratospheric SoundingUnit (SSU)/Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU) and ERA-40 estimates of the solar cycle signal can be explained by the poor vertical resolution of the SSU/MSU measurements. The adjusted radiative forcing of climate change is also investigated. The forcing due to irradiance changes was 0.14 W m -2, which is only 78%of the value obtained by employing the standard method of simple scaling of the total solar irradiance (TSI) change. The difference arises because much of the change in TSI is at wavelengths where ozone absorbs strongly. The forcing due to the ozone change was only 0.004 W m -2 owing to strong compensation between negative shortwave and positive longwave forcings. © 2009 American Meteorological Society. |
| spellingShingle | Gray, L Rumbold, S Shine, K Stratospheric Temperature and Radiative Forcing Response to 11-Year Solar Cycle Changes in Irradiance and Ozone |
| title | Stratospheric Temperature and Radiative Forcing Response to 11-Year Solar Cycle Changes in Irradiance and Ozone |
| title_full | Stratospheric Temperature and Radiative Forcing Response to 11-Year Solar Cycle Changes in Irradiance and Ozone |
| title_fullStr | Stratospheric Temperature and Radiative Forcing Response to 11-Year Solar Cycle Changes in Irradiance and Ozone |
| title_full_unstemmed | Stratospheric Temperature and Radiative Forcing Response to 11-Year Solar Cycle Changes in Irradiance and Ozone |
| title_short | Stratospheric Temperature and Radiative Forcing Response to 11-Year Solar Cycle Changes in Irradiance and Ozone |
| title_sort | stratospheric temperature and radiative forcing response to 11 year solar cycle changes in irradiance and ozone |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT grayl stratospherictemperatureandradiativeforcingresponseto11yearsolarcyclechangesinirradianceandozone AT rumbolds stratospherictemperatureandradiativeforcingresponseto11yearsolarcyclechangesinirradianceandozone AT shinek stratospherictemperatureandradiativeforcingresponseto11yearsolarcyclechangesinirradianceandozone |