Persistence of antibody after a vi-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine and effect of boosting with a plain polysaccharide vaccine on Vi antibody and antigen-specific B cells
<strong>Background:</strong> Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi is estimated to cause 9 to 13 million cases of typhoid fever annually. Typhoid conjugate vaccines represent a promising prophylactic measure to prevent disease, but there are few data assessing persistence of immunity. The ef...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media
2021
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| _version_ | 1826310927199240192 |
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| author | Bentley, T Jones, E Jin, C Moore, M Gardner, J Hill, J Pollard, AJ |
| author_facet | Bentley, T Jones, E Jin, C Moore, M Gardner, J Hill, J Pollard, AJ |
| author_sort | Bentley, T |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | <strong>Background:</strong> Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi is estimated to cause 9 to 13 million cases of typhoid fever annually. Typhoid conjugate vaccines represent a promising prophylactic measure to prevent disease, but there are few data assessing persistence of immunity. The effect of a Vi polysaccharide booster vaccine in individuals previously vaccinated with the Vi-tetanus toxoid typhoid conjugate vaccine has not been assessed previously.
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Methods: </strong>Thirty five healthy adult volunteers received a single dose of the Vi conjugate vaccine (Vi-TT) and 37 received a single dose of Vi polysaccharide vaccine (Vi-PS) prior to oral challenge with live S. Typhi bacteria as part of a randomised controlled, phase 2b study. In addition to data previously published showing persistence of Vi IgG and IgA antibodies for 7 months after Vi vaccination, titres were measured at intervals until 13 months post-vaccination. Ten participants who received Vi-TT (both challenged and unchallenged) were re-vaccinated with Vi-PS at an interval of 19-23 months post-prime. Anti-Vi IgG and IgA titres, and Vi-specific antibody secreting cells and memory B cells were measured at seven days and one month post-boost.
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Findings: </strong>Vi IgG and IgA antibody titres remained significantly elevated above baseline levels 13 months after priming with Vi-TT, with a 4-fold rise retained in 90% and 88% of recipients (Vi IgG and IgA, respectively). Anti-Vi IgG and IgA antibody titres were found to persist at higher levels in participants who received a single dose of Vi-TT than in those who received Vi-PS. No significant boost in Vi-antibody titre was observed in response to oral challenge with S. Typhi bacteria, one month after vaccination. Following a Vi-PS booster vaccination in those previously vaccinated with Vi-TT, anti-Vi IgG and IgA titres were significantly elevated, with similar titres observed at one month post-boost compared with one month after primary vaccination. The frequency of Vi-specific IgA antibody secreting cells increased significantly 7 days post-boost compared with pre-boost. No memory B cell response was observed following Vi-PS booster vaccination.
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Interpretation: </strong>Strong persistence of anti-Vi IgG and IgA following Vi-TT vaccination suggests that the conjugate vaccine may offer durable protection, supporting its use in endemic settings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T08:00:46Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:9a98b283-194b-425c-bea6-51b524361447 |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T08:00:46Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:9a98b283-194b-425c-bea6-51b5243614472023-09-21T13:48:58ZPersistence of antibody after a vi-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine and effect of boosting with a plain polysaccharide vaccine on Vi antibody and antigen-specific B cellsJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:9a98b283-194b-425c-bea6-51b524361447EnglishSymplectic ElementsFrontiers Media2021Bentley, TJones, EJin, CMoore, MGardner, JHill, JPollard, AJ<strong>Background:</strong> Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi is estimated to cause 9 to 13 million cases of typhoid fever annually. Typhoid conjugate vaccines represent a promising prophylactic measure to prevent disease, but there are few data assessing persistence of immunity. The effect of a Vi polysaccharide booster vaccine in individuals previously vaccinated with the Vi-tetanus toxoid typhoid conjugate vaccine has not been assessed previously. <br><strong> Methods: </strong>Thirty five healthy adult volunteers received a single dose of the Vi conjugate vaccine (Vi-TT) and 37 received a single dose of Vi polysaccharide vaccine (Vi-PS) prior to oral challenge with live S. Typhi bacteria as part of a randomised controlled, phase 2b study. In addition to data previously published showing persistence of Vi IgG and IgA antibodies for 7 months after Vi vaccination, titres were measured at intervals until 13 months post-vaccination. Ten participants who received Vi-TT (both challenged and unchallenged) were re-vaccinated with Vi-PS at an interval of 19-23 months post-prime. Anti-Vi IgG and IgA titres, and Vi-specific antibody secreting cells and memory B cells were measured at seven days and one month post-boost. <br><strong> Findings: </strong>Vi IgG and IgA antibody titres remained significantly elevated above baseline levels 13 months after priming with Vi-TT, with a 4-fold rise retained in 90% and 88% of recipients (Vi IgG and IgA, respectively). Anti-Vi IgG and IgA antibody titres were found to persist at higher levels in participants who received a single dose of Vi-TT than in those who received Vi-PS. No significant boost in Vi-antibody titre was observed in response to oral challenge with S. Typhi bacteria, one month after vaccination. Following a Vi-PS booster vaccination in those previously vaccinated with Vi-TT, anti-Vi IgG and IgA titres were significantly elevated, with similar titres observed at one month post-boost compared with one month after primary vaccination. The frequency of Vi-specific IgA antibody secreting cells increased significantly 7 days post-boost compared with pre-boost. No memory B cell response was observed following Vi-PS booster vaccination. <br><strong> Interpretation: </strong>Strong persistence of anti-Vi IgG and IgA following Vi-TT vaccination suggests that the conjugate vaccine may offer durable protection, supporting its use in endemic settings. |
| spellingShingle | Bentley, T Jones, E Jin, C Moore, M Gardner, J Hill, J Pollard, AJ Persistence of antibody after a vi-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine and effect of boosting with a plain polysaccharide vaccine on Vi antibody and antigen-specific B cells |
| title | Persistence of antibody after a vi-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine and effect of boosting with a plain polysaccharide vaccine on Vi antibody and antigen-specific B cells |
| title_full | Persistence of antibody after a vi-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine and effect of boosting with a plain polysaccharide vaccine on Vi antibody and antigen-specific B cells |
| title_fullStr | Persistence of antibody after a vi-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine and effect of boosting with a plain polysaccharide vaccine on Vi antibody and antigen-specific B cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Persistence of antibody after a vi-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine and effect of boosting with a plain polysaccharide vaccine on Vi antibody and antigen-specific B cells |
| title_short | Persistence of antibody after a vi-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine and effect of boosting with a plain polysaccharide vaccine on Vi antibody and antigen-specific B cells |
| title_sort | persistence of antibody after a vi tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine and effect of boosting with a plain polysaccharide vaccine on vi antibody and antigen specific b cells |
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