Airway and blood monocyte transcriptomic profiling reveals an antiviral phenotype in infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus infection
<strong>Background<br></strong> Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is the primary cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children <5 years of age. Monocytes, especially in the respiratory tract, are suggested to contribute to RSV pathology, but their role is inc...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Oxford University Press
2024
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| _version_ | 1797113042540953600 |
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| author | Chappin, K Besteman, SB Hennus, MP Wildenbeest, JG Mokry, M Bont, LJ van der Vlist, M Calis, JJA Pollard, AJ |
| author2 | PROMISE Investigators |
| author_facet | PROMISE Investigators Chappin, K Besteman, SB Hennus, MP Wildenbeest, JG Mokry, M Bont, LJ van der Vlist, M Calis, JJA Pollard, AJ |
| author_sort | Chappin, K |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | <strong>Background<br></strong>
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is the primary cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children <5 years of age. Monocytes, especially in the respiratory tract, are suggested to contribute to RSV pathology, but their role is incompletely understood. With transcriptomic profiling of blood and airway monocytes, we describe the role of monocytes in severe RSV infection.
<br><strong>
Methods<br></strong>
Tracheobronchial aspirates and blood samples were collected from control patients (n = 9) and those infected with RSV (n = 14) who were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit. Monocytes (CD14+) were sorted and analyzed by RNA sequencing for transcriptomic profiling.
<br><strong>
Results<br></strong>
Peripheral blood and airway monocytes of patients with RSV demonstrated increased expression of antiviral and interferon-responsive genes as compared with controls. Cytokine signaling showed a shared response between blood and airway monocytes while displaying responses that were more pronounced according to the tissue of origin. Airway monocytes upregulated additional genes related to migration and inflammation.
<br><strong>
Conclusions<br></strong>
We found that the RSV-induced interferon response extends from the airways to the peripheral blood. Moreover, RSV induces a migration-promoting transcriptional program in monocytes. Unraveling the monocytic response and its role in the immune response to RSV infection could help the development of therapeutics to prevent severe disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T03:58:11Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:9b0e74c2-1eb4-4367-9edf-505fcfb0d3ad |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T03:58:11Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | Oxford University Press |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:9b0e74c2-1eb4-4367-9edf-505fcfb0d3ad2024-03-28T09:17:32ZAirway and blood monocyte transcriptomic profiling reveals an antiviral phenotype in infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus infectionJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:9b0e74c2-1eb4-4367-9edf-505fcfb0d3adEnglishSymplectic ElementsOxford University Press2024Chappin, KBesteman, SBHennus, MPWildenbeest, JGMokry, MBont, LJvan der Vlist, MCalis, JJAPollard, AJPROMISE Investigators<strong>Background<br></strong> Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is the primary cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children <5 years of age. Monocytes, especially in the respiratory tract, are suggested to contribute to RSV pathology, but their role is incompletely understood. With transcriptomic profiling of blood and airway monocytes, we describe the role of monocytes in severe RSV infection. <br><strong> Methods<br></strong> Tracheobronchial aspirates and blood samples were collected from control patients (n = 9) and those infected with RSV (n = 14) who were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit. Monocytes (CD14+) were sorted and analyzed by RNA sequencing for transcriptomic profiling. <br><strong> Results<br></strong> Peripheral blood and airway monocytes of patients with RSV demonstrated increased expression of antiviral and interferon-responsive genes as compared with controls. Cytokine signaling showed a shared response between blood and airway monocytes while displaying responses that were more pronounced according to the tissue of origin. Airway monocytes upregulated additional genes related to migration and inflammation. <br><strong> Conclusions<br></strong> We found that the RSV-induced interferon response extends from the airways to the peripheral blood. Moreover, RSV induces a migration-promoting transcriptional program in monocytes. Unraveling the monocytic response and its role in the immune response to RSV infection could help the development of therapeutics to prevent severe disease. |
| spellingShingle | Chappin, K Besteman, SB Hennus, MP Wildenbeest, JG Mokry, M Bont, LJ van der Vlist, M Calis, JJA Pollard, AJ Airway and blood monocyte transcriptomic profiling reveals an antiviral phenotype in infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus infection |
| title | Airway and blood monocyte transcriptomic profiling reveals an antiviral phenotype in infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus infection |
| title_full | Airway and blood monocyte transcriptomic profiling reveals an antiviral phenotype in infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus infection |
| title_fullStr | Airway and blood monocyte transcriptomic profiling reveals an antiviral phenotype in infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Airway and blood monocyte transcriptomic profiling reveals an antiviral phenotype in infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus infection |
| title_short | Airway and blood monocyte transcriptomic profiling reveals an antiviral phenotype in infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus infection |
| title_sort | airway and blood monocyte transcriptomic profiling reveals an antiviral phenotype in infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus infection |
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