A retrospective investigation of the population structure and geospatial distribution of Salmonella Paratyphi A in Kathmandu, Nepal
Salmonella Paratyphi A, one of the major etiologic agents of enteric fever, has increased in prevalence in recent decades in certain endemic regions in comparison to S. Typhi, the most prevalent cause of enteric fever. Despite this increase, data on the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of S. Pa...
| Váldodahkkit: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Materiálatiipa: | Journal article |
| Giella: | English |
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Public Library of Science
2024
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| _version_ | 1826313397763833856 |
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| author | Mylona, E Pham Thanh, D Keane, JA Dongol, S Basnyat, B Dolecek, C Voong Vinh, P Tran Vu Thieu, N Nguyen Thi Nguyen, T Karkey, A Baker, S |
| author_facet | Mylona, E Pham Thanh, D Keane, JA Dongol, S Basnyat, B Dolecek, C Voong Vinh, P Tran Vu Thieu, N Nguyen Thi Nguyen, T Karkey, A Baker, S |
| author_sort | Mylona, E |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | Salmonella Paratyphi A, one of the major etiologic agents of enteric fever, has increased in prevalence in recent decades in certain endemic regions in comparison to S. Typhi, the most prevalent cause of enteric fever. Despite this increase, data on the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of S. Paratyphi A remain generally scarce. Here, we analysed the whole genome sequences of 216 S. Paratyphi A isolates originating from Kathmandu, Nepal between 2005 and 2014, of which 200 were from patients with acute enteric fever and 16 from the gallbladder of people with suspected chronic carriage. By exploiting the recently developed genotyping framework for S. Paratyphi A (Paratype), we identified several genotypes circulating in Kathmandu. Notably, we observed an unusual clonal expansion of genotype 2.4.3 over a four-year period that spread geographically and systematically replaced other genotypes. This rapid genotype replacement is hypothesised to have been driven by both reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones and genetic changes to virulence factors, such as functional and structural genes encoding the type 3 secretion systems. Finally, we show that person-to-person is likely the most common mode of transmission and chronic carriers seem to play a limited role in maintaining disease circulation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-25T04:12:29Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:9e238301-3c9a-420c-b4cf-74ec5da41179 |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-25T04:12:29Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:9e238301-3c9a-420c-b4cf-74ec5da411792024-07-02T20:06:54ZA retrospective investigation of the population structure and geospatial distribution of Salmonella Paratyphi A in Kathmandu, NepalJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:9e238301-3c9a-420c-b4cf-74ec5da41179EnglishJisc Publications RouterPublic Library of Science2024Mylona, EPham Thanh, DKeane, JADongol, SBasnyat, BDolecek, CVoong Vinh, PTran Vu Thieu, NNguyen Thi Nguyen, TKarkey, ABaker, SSalmonella Paratyphi A, one of the major etiologic agents of enteric fever, has increased in prevalence in recent decades in certain endemic regions in comparison to S. Typhi, the most prevalent cause of enteric fever. Despite this increase, data on the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of S. Paratyphi A remain generally scarce. Here, we analysed the whole genome sequences of 216 S. Paratyphi A isolates originating from Kathmandu, Nepal between 2005 and 2014, of which 200 were from patients with acute enteric fever and 16 from the gallbladder of people with suspected chronic carriage. By exploiting the recently developed genotyping framework for S. Paratyphi A (Paratype), we identified several genotypes circulating in Kathmandu. Notably, we observed an unusual clonal expansion of genotype 2.4.3 over a four-year period that spread geographically and systematically replaced other genotypes. This rapid genotype replacement is hypothesised to have been driven by both reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones and genetic changes to virulence factors, such as functional and structural genes encoding the type 3 secretion systems. Finally, we show that person-to-person is likely the most common mode of transmission and chronic carriers seem to play a limited role in maintaining disease circulation. |
| spellingShingle | Mylona, E Pham Thanh, D Keane, JA Dongol, S Basnyat, B Dolecek, C Voong Vinh, P Tran Vu Thieu, N Nguyen Thi Nguyen, T Karkey, A Baker, S A retrospective investigation of the population structure and geospatial distribution of Salmonella Paratyphi A in Kathmandu, Nepal |
| title | A retrospective investigation of the population structure and geospatial distribution of Salmonella Paratyphi A in Kathmandu, Nepal |
| title_full | A retrospective investigation of the population structure and geospatial distribution of Salmonella Paratyphi A in Kathmandu, Nepal |
| title_fullStr | A retrospective investigation of the population structure and geospatial distribution of Salmonella Paratyphi A in Kathmandu, Nepal |
| title_full_unstemmed | A retrospective investigation of the population structure and geospatial distribution of Salmonella Paratyphi A in Kathmandu, Nepal |
| title_short | A retrospective investigation of the population structure and geospatial distribution of Salmonella Paratyphi A in Kathmandu, Nepal |
| title_sort | retrospective investigation of the population structure and geospatial distribution of salmonella paratyphi a in kathmandu nepal |
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