Systemic immune response to traumatic CNS injuries—are extracellular vesicles the missing link?
Inflammation following traumatic injury to the central nervous system (CNS) persists long after the primary insult and is known to exacerbate cell death and worsen functional outcomes. Therapeutic interventions targeting this inflammation have been unsuccessful, which has been attributed to poor bio...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Formato: | Journal article |
| Idioma: | English |
| Publicado em: |
Frontiers Media
2019
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| _version_ | 1826288932833198080 |
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| author | Yates, AG Anthony, DC Ruitenberg, MJ Couch, Y |
| author_facet | Yates, AG Anthony, DC Ruitenberg, MJ Couch, Y |
| author_sort | Yates, AG |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | Inflammation following traumatic injury to the central nervous system (CNS) persists long after the primary insult and is known to exacerbate cell death and worsen functional outcomes. Therapeutic interventions targeting this inflammation have been unsuccessful, which has been attributed to poor bioavailability owing to the presence of blood-CNS barrier. Recent studies have shown that the magnitude of the CNS inflammatory response is dependent on systemic inflammatory events. The acute phase response (APR) to CNS injury presents an alternative strategy to modulating the secondary phase of injury. However, the communication pathways between the CNS and the periphery remain poorly understood. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane bound nanoparticles that are regulators of intercellular communication. They are shed from cells of the CNS including microglia, astrocytes, neurons and endothelial cells, and are able to cross the blood-CNS barrier, thus providing an attractive candidate for initiating the APR after acute CNS injury. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current evidence that EVs play a critical role in the APR following CNS injuries.
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| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T02:21:12Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:a3f8bb51-f26e-4964-bf86-8dfe3c3ad9d5 |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T02:21:12Z |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:a3f8bb51-f26e-4964-bf86-8dfe3c3ad9d52022-03-27T02:30:48ZSystemic immune response to traumatic CNS injuries—are extracellular vesicles the missing link?Journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:a3f8bb51-f26e-4964-bf86-8dfe3c3ad9d5EnglishSymplectic ElementsFrontiers Media2019Yates, AGAnthony, DCRuitenberg, MJCouch, YInflammation following traumatic injury to the central nervous system (CNS) persists long after the primary insult and is known to exacerbate cell death and worsen functional outcomes. Therapeutic interventions targeting this inflammation have been unsuccessful, which has been attributed to poor bioavailability owing to the presence of blood-CNS barrier. Recent studies have shown that the magnitude of the CNS inflammatory response is dependent on systemic inflammatory events. The acute phase response (APR) to CNS injury presents an alternative strategy to modulating the secondary phase of injury. However, the communication pathways between the CNS and the periphery remain poorly understood. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane bound nanoparticles that are regulators of intercellular communication. They are shed from cells of the CNS including microglia, astrocytes, neurons and endothelial cells, and are able to cross the blood-CNS barrier, thus providing an attractive candidate for initiating the APR after acute CNS injury. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current evidence that EVs play a critical role in the APR following CNS injuries. |
| spellingShingle | Yates, AG Anthony, DC Ruitenberg, MJ Couch, Y Systemic immune response to traumatic CNS injuries—are extracellular vesicles the missing link? |
| title | Systemic immune response to traumatic CNS injuries—are extracellular vesicles the missing link? |
| title_full | Systemic immune response to traumatic CNS injuries—are extracellular vesicles the missing link? |
| title_fullStr | Systemic immune response to traumatic CNS injuries—are extracellular vesicles the missing link? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Systemic immune response to traumatic CNS injuries—are extracellular vesicles the missing link? |
| title_short | Systemic immune response to traumatic CNS injuries—are extracellular vesicles the missing link? |
| title_sort | systemic immune response to traumatic cns injuries are extracellular vesicles the missing link |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yatesag systemicimmuneresponsetotraumaticcnsinjuriesareextracellularvesiclesthemissinglink AT anthonydc systemicimmuneresponsetotraumaticcnsinjuriesareextracellularvesiclesthemissinglink AT ruitenbergmj systemicimmuneresponsetotraumaticcnsinjuriesareextracellularvesiclesthemissinglink AT couchy systemicimmuneresponsetotraumaticcnsinjuriesareextracellularvesiclesthemissinglink |