Benefiting from trial spacing without the cost of prolonged training: frequency, not duration, of trials with absent stimuli enhances perceived contingency
The statistical relation between two events influences the perception of how one event relates to the presence or absence of another. Interestingly, the simultaneous absence of both events, just like their mutual occurrence, is relevant for describing their contingency. In three experiments, we expl...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
American Psychological Association
2022
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| _version_ | 1797112283230371840 |
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| author | Castiello, S Miller, RR Witnauer, JE Alcaide, DM Fung, E Pitliya, RJ Morrissey, DKC Murphy, RA |
| author_facet | Castiello, S Miller, RR Witnauer, JE Alcaide, DM Fung, E Pitliya, RJ Morrissey, DKC Murphy, RA |
| author_sort | Castiello, S |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | The statistical relation between two events influences the perception of how one event relates to the presence or absence of another. Interestingly, the simultaneous absence of both events, just like their mutual occurrence, is relevant for describing their contingency. In three experiments, we explored the relevance of coabsent events by varying the duration and frequency of trials without stimuli. We used a rapid trial streaming procedure and found that the perceived association between events is enhanced with increasing frequency of coabsent events, unlike the duration of coabsent events, which had little effect. These findings suggest ways in which the benefits of trial spacing, during which both events are absent, could be obtained without increasing total training time. Centrally, this can be done by frequent repeating of shortened coabsent events, each marked by a trial contextual cue. We discuss four potential accounts of how coabsent experience might be processed contributing to this effect: (a) contingency sensitivity, (b) testing effect, (c) reduced associative interference by the context, and (d) reduced encoding interference. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T08:21:59Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:ac511c57-e2b6-490a-8cef-7e29a1777b0a |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T08:21:59Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | American Psychological Association |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:ac511c57-e2b6-490a-8cef-7e29a1777b0a2024-02-01T13:21:57ZBenefiting from trial spacing without the cost of prolonged training: frequency, not duration, of trials with absent stimuli enhances perceived contingencyJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:ac511c57-e2b6-490a-8cef-7e29a1777b0aEnglishSymplectic ElementsAmerican Psychological Association2022Castiello, SMiller, RRWitnauer, JEAlcaide, DMFung, EPitliya, RJMorrissey, DKCMurphy, RAThe statistical relation between two events influences the perception of how one event relates to the presence or absence of another. Interestingly, the simultaneous absence of both events, just like their mutual occurrence, is relevant for describing their contingency. In three experiments, we explored the relevance of coabsent events by varying the duration and frequency of trials without stimuli. We used a rapid trial streaming procedure and found that the perceived association between events is enhanced with increasing frequency of coabsent events, unlike the duration of coabsent events, which had little effect. These findings suggest ways in which the benefits of trial spacing, during which both events are absent, could be obtained without increasing total training time. Centrally, this can be done by frequent repeating of shortened coabsent events, each marked by a trial contextual cue. We discuss four potential accounts of how coabsent experience might be processed contributing to this effect: (a) contingency sensitivity, (b) testing effect, (c) reduced associative interference by the context, and (d) reduced encoding interference. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved). |
| spellingShingle | Castiello, S Miller, RR Witnauer, JE Alcaide, DM Fung, E Pitliya, RJ Morrissey, DKC Murphy, RA Benefiting from trial spacing without the cost of prolonged training: frequency, not duration, of trials with absent stimuli enhances perceived contingency |
| title | Benefiting from trial spacing without the cost of prolonged training: frequency, not duration, of trials with absent stimuli enhances perceived contingency |
| title_full | Benefiting from trial spacing without the cost of prolonged training: frequency, not duration, of trials with absent stimuli enhances perceived contingency |
| title_fullStr | Benefiting from trial spacing without the cost of prolonged training: frequency, not duration, of trials with absent stimuli enhances perceived contingency |
| title_full_unstemmed | Benefiting from trial spacing without the cost of prolonged training: frequency, not duration, of trials with absent stimuli enhances perceived contingency |
| title_short | Benefiting from trial spacing without the cost of prolonged training: frequency, not duration, of trials with absent stimuli enhances perceived contingency |
| title_sort | benefiting from trial spacing without the cost of prolonged training frequency not duration of trials with absent stimuli enhances perceived contingency |
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