Extending the energy-power balance of Li-ion batteries using graded electrodes with precise spatial control of local composition
Commercial Li-ion cell electrodes comprise a random mix of the constituent materials largely unchanged for more than three decades. During fast charge/discharge, electrode-scale Li-ion concentration gradients develop, along with a spatially heterogeneous distribution of overpotential, utilization an...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022
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| _version_ | 1797107308180799488 |
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| author | Cheng, C Drummond, R Duncan, SR Grant, PS |
| author_facet | Cheng, C Drummond, R Duncan, SR Grant, PS |
| author_sort | Cheng, C |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | Commercial Li-ion cell electrodes comprise a random mix of the constituent materials largely unchanged for more than three decades. During fast charge/discharge, electrode-scale Li-ion concentration gradients develop, along with a spatially heterogeneous distribution of overpotential, utilization and degradation of active material, which ultimately restricts the range of realizable energy-power combinations. We expand energy-power characteristics and reduce cell degradation rate using electrodes that are compositionally graded at the microscale to homogenize active material utilization. Trapezoidal-graded composition LiFePO4 cathodes, enabled by a layer-by-layer deposition technique, are compared with conventional electrodes: at an energy density of 500 Wh L−1 the best graded electrode design increased power density from approximately 100 W L−1 to 630 W L−1, while at a power density of 300 W L−1, the energy density increased from approximately 420 Wh L−1 to 600 Wh L−1. The results highlight the potential for new manufacturing approaches and electrode designs to provide performance enhancements for existing and future Li ion battery chemistries. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T07:14:13Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:b1ae2f22-7756-4d37-95eb-6ce192cf3305 |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T07:14:13Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:b1ae2f22-7756-4d37-95eb-6ce192cf33052022-07-20T14:18:03ZExtending the energy-power balance of Li-ion batteries using graded electrodes with precise spatial control of local compositionJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:b1ae2f22-7756-4d37-95eb-6ce192cf3305EnglishSymplectic ElementsElsevier2022Cheng, CDrummond, RDuncan, SRGrant, PSCommercial Li-ion cell electrodes comprise a random mix of the constituent materials largely unchanged for more than three decades. During fast charge/discharge, electrode-scale Li-ion concentration gradients develop, along with a spatially heterogeneous distribution of overpotential, utilization and degradation of active material, which ultimately restricts the range of realizable energy-power combinations. We expand energy-power characteristics and reduce cell degradation rate using electrodes that are compositionally graded at the microscale to homogenize active material utilization. Trapezoidal-graded composition LiFePO4 cathodes, enabled by a layer-by-layer deposition technique, are compared with conventional electrodes: at an energy density of 500 Wh L−1 the best graded electrode design increased power density from approximately 100 W L−1 to 630 W L−1, while at a power density of 300 W L−1, the energy density increased from approximately 420 Wh L−1 to 600 Wh L−1. The results highlight the potential for new manufacturing approaches and electrode designs to provide performance enhancements for existing and future Li ion battery chemistries. |
| spellingShingle | Cheng, C Drummond, R Duncan, SR Grant, PS Extending the energy-power balance of Li-ion batteries using graded electrodes with precise spatial control of local composition |
| title | Extending the energy-power balance of Li-ion batteries using graded electrodes with precise spatial control of local composition |
| title_full | Extending the energy-power balance of Li-ion batteries using graded electrodes with precise spatial control of local composition |
| title_fullStr | Extending the energy-power balance of Li-ion batteries using graded electrodes with precise spatial control of local composition |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extending the energy-power balance of Li-ion batteries using graded electrodes with precise spatial control of local composition |
| title_short | Extending the energy-power balance of Li-ion batteries using graded electrodes with precise spatial control of local composition |
| title_sort | extending the energy power balance of li ion batteries using graded electrodes with precise spatial control of local composition |
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