Durability of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 vaccination in people living with HIV

Durability of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 vaccination in people living with HIV

Duration of protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection in people with HIV (PWH) following vaccination is unclear. In a sub-study of the phase 2/3 the COV002 trial (NCT04400838), 54 HIV positive male participants on antiretroviral therapy (undetectable viral loads, CD4+ T cells >350 cells/ul) receiv...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ogbe, A, Pace, M, Bittaye, M, Tipoe, T, Adele, S, Alagaratnam, J, Aley, PK, Ansari, MA, Bara, A, Broadhead, S, Brown, A, Brown, H, Cappuccini, F, Cinardo, P, Dejnirattisai, W, Ewer, K, Fok, H, Folegatti, PM, Fowler, J, Godfrey, L, Goodman, AL, Jackson, B, Jenkin, D, Jones, M, Longet, S, Makinson, RA, Marchevsky, NG, Mathew, M, Mazzella, A, Mujadidi, YF, Parolini, L, Petersen, C, Plested, E, Pollock, K, Rajeswaran, T, Ramasamy, MN, Rhead, S, Robinson, H, Robinson, N, Sanders, H, Serrano Fandos, S, Tipton, T, Waters, A, Zacharopoulou, P, Barnes, E, Dunachie, S, Goulder, P, Klenerman, P, Screaton, GR, Winston, A, Gilbert, SC, Pollard, AJ, Lambe, T, Frater, J
Format: Journal article
Language:English
Published: American Society for Clinical Investigation 2022
Description
Summary:Duration of protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection in people with HIV (PWH) following vaccination is unclear. In a sub-study of the phase 2/3 the COV002 trial (NCT04400838), 54 HIV positive male participants on antiretroviral therapy (undetectable viral loads, CD4+ T cells >350 cells/ul) received two doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) 4-6 weeks apart and were followed for 6 months. Responses to vaccination were determined by serology (IgG ELISA and MesoScale Discovery (MSD)), neutralisation, ACE-2 inhibition, gamma interferon ELISpot, activation-induced marker (AIM) assay and T cell proliferation. We show that 6 months after vaccination the majority of measurable immune responses were greater than pre-vaccination baseline, but with evidence of a decline in both humoral and cell mediated immunity. There was, however, no significant difference compared to a cohort of HIV-uninfected individuals vaccinated with the same regimen. Responses to the variants of concern were detectable, although were lower than wild type. Pre-existing cross-reactive T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike were associated with greater post-vaccine immunity and correlated with prior exposure to beta coronaviruses. These data support the on-going policy to vaccinate PWH against SARS-CoV-2, and underpin the need for long-term monitoring of responses after vaccination.

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